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Application Note
Interfacing to a Graphics Module with a Toshiba
T6963C Controller
Introduction:
The Toshiba T6963C LCD controller is one of the most popular controllers for use in small graphics
displays. For this reason it is used in a number of LCD modules from 128x128 to 240x128 pixels.
This class of module is most commonly used to display a mixture of text and graphics in samall
devices and instruments. It is usually interfaced directly with an embedded 8-bit microprocessor.
This application note describes the use of this controller with a number of graphics modules.
The example used here is based on an 8-bit Intel I8051 microcontroller but applies to almost any
micro-controller.
Functional Description:
The T6963C uses a simple 8-bit data bus to transfer all instructions and data to and from the
display. After power is applied a hardware reset is issued. The controller must then be initialized
with a series of commands to set up the various modes and options available to the user. Once
initialized the display is ready to accept the data to be displayed. This data can be in the form of
bit-mapped graphical data or text data in pseudo ASCII format. The internal character generator is
biased at -20h. which means the user must subtract 20h from the ASCII code before sending it to
the display.
In the bit-mapped mode each byte of data represents 8 pixels on the display. See Figure #1. Text
data can be written in pseudo ASCII format and will be displayed as a 5x7 dot character. The
graphical and text data are written to separate, user assigned, areas, or pages, in the display RAM
within the display module. The user can then choose one of three ways to mix the text and
graphics pages on the display or the text or graphics page can be displayed alone.
Schematic:
The 80C51 microprocessor is connected to the LCD controller chip via parallel I/O ports in this
example. It could also be connected to the processor's data bus and be mapped into the
processor's data memory area. See figure 2.
ST
1 BYTE
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D0 D1
TH
17 BYTE
Figure #1 Memory map of a 128x128 display
ND
2 BYTE
Page 1
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Summary of Contents for Toshiba T6963C
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Page 1: Application Note
Functional Description: The T6963C uses a simple 8-bit data bus to transfer all instructions and data to and from the display. After power is applied a hardware reset is issued. The controller must then be initialized with a series of commands to set up the various modes and options available to the user. Once initialized the display is ready to accept the data to be displayed. - Page 2 The program first resets the display. This reset must last a minimum of 2µS. It then sends a series of command bytes and parameters to the LCD controller to initialize it. The T6963C requires that the parameters, if any, are sent in the data mode and must precede the command byte, which is sent in the command mode.
- Page 3 Application Note Software Flowchart: MAIN PROGRAM LOOP START: INITIALIZE T6963C DISPLAY BITMAP WRITE A COMMAND BYTE DATA BYTE WRITEC: STATUS SET C/D TO 1 SET C/D TO 0 DATA TO P1 WR LOW WRHIGH RETURN SEND A BLOCK OF DATA...
- Page 4 Application Note Initialization: Before the LCD controller can accept or display data or text it must be initialized. This is usually done immediately after the system is powered up. The following chart lists the initialization commands and the parameters that accompany them along with a brief explanation of the function of each.
- Page 5 ; ************************************************** ; The processor clock speed is 16MHz. ; Cycle time is .750mS. ; Demo software to display a bit-mapped ; graphic on a 240x64 graphics display ; with a T6963C LCD controller. 000h ljmp start org 100h start: ;...
- Page 6 Application Note ;************************************************ ; TABLES AND DATA ; Initialization bytes for 240x64 msgi1: 80h,07h,40h ;text home address 1eh,00,41h ;text area 00,00,42h ;graphic home address 1eh,00,43h ;graphic area 00,00,81h ;mode set 00,00,24h ;address pointer set 00,00,98h ;display mode set 0a1h msgi2: 00,00,0b0h ;auto mode 0a1h...