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GE MiCOM P40 Agile Technical Manual
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GE MiCOM P40 Agile Technical Manual

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Table Of Contents
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Table of Contents

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Download this manual See also: Technical Manual
GE Energy Connections
Grid Solutions
MiCOM P40 Agile
P442, P444
Technical Manual
Numerical Distance Protection Relay
Hardware version: M
Software version: 72
Publication reference: P44x/EN M/Hb6

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Table of Contents
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Summary of Contents for GE MiCOM P40 Agile

  • Page 1 GE Energy Connections Grid Solutions MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Technical Manual Numerical Distance Protection Relay Hardware version: M Software version: 72 Publication reference: P44x/EN M/Hb6...

  • Page 3: Introduction

    CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Section 2 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Section 3 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Section 4 Settings P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Section 5 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Section 6 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Section 7 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Section 8 Firmware Design...
  • Page 5 Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11 SAFETY SECTION...
  • Page 6 P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section...

  • Page 7: Table Of Contents

    Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11 (SS) - 1 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY SYMBOLS AND EXTERNAL LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT Symbols Labels INSTALLING, COMMISSIONING AND SERVICING DE-COMMISSIONING AND DISPOSAL TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR SAFETY Protective fuse rating Protective class Installation category Environment...
  • Page 8 P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section (SS) - 2...

  • Page 9: Health And Safety

    Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11 (SS) - 3 STANDARD SAFETY STATEMENTS AND EXTERNAL LABEL INFORMATION FOR ALSTOM GRID EQUIPMENT INTRODUCTION This Safety Section and the relevant equipment documentation provide full information on safe handling, commissioning and testing of this equipment. This Safety Section also includes reference to typical equipment label markings.

  • Page 10: Symbols

    P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section (SS) - 4 SYMBOLS AND LABELS ON THE EQUIPMENT For safety reasons the following symbols which may be used on the equipment or referred to in the equipment documentation, should be understood before it is installed or commissioned.
  • Page 11 Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11 (SS) - 5 Watchdog (self-monitoring) contacts are provided in numerical relays to indicate the health of the device. Alstom Grid strongly recommends that these contacts are hardwired into the substation's automation system, for alarm purposes. To ensure that wires are correctly terminated the correct crimp terminal and tool for the wire size should be used.
  • Page 12 P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section (SS) - 6 UL and CSA/CUL listed or recognized equipment To maintain UL and CSA/CUL Listing/Recognized status for North America the equipment should be installed using UL and/or CSA Listed or Recognized parts for the following items: connection cables, protective fuses/fuseholders or circuit breakers, insulation crimp terminals, and replacement internal battery, as specified in the equipment documentation.

  • Page 13: De-Commissioning And Disposal

    Safety Section P44x/EN SS/H11 (SS) - 7 External test blocks and test plugs Great care should be taken when using external test blocks and test plugs such as the MMLG, MMLB and MiCOM P990 types, hazardous voltages may be accessible when using these. *CT shorting links must be in place before the insertion or removal of MMLB test plugs, to avoid potentially lethal voltages.

  • Page 14: Installation Category

    P44x/EN SS/H11 Safety Section (SS) - 8 Installation category IEC 60255-27: 2005 Installation category III (Overvoltage Category III): EN 60255-27: 2005 Distribution level, fixed installation. Equipment in this category is qualification tested at 5 kV peak, 1.2/50 µs, 500 , 0.5 J, between all supply circuits and earth and also between independent circuits.
  • Page 15 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-1 INTRODUCTION Date: 2017...
  • Page 16 P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 17 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO MICOM GUIDES INTRODUCTION TO MICOM PRODUCT SCOPE Ordering options...
  • Page 18 P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...

  • Page 19: Contents

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-5 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM GUIDES This manual provides a functional and technical description of the MiCOM protection relay and a comprehensive set of instructions for the relay’s use and application. The section contents are summarized below:...

  • Page 20: Environment

    P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 P44x/EN SC SCADA Communications This section provides an overview regarding the SCADA communication interfaces of the relay. Detailed protocol mappings, semantics, profiles and interoperability tables are not provided within this manual. Separate documents are available per protocol, available for download from our website.

  • Page 21: Introduction To Micom

    Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-7 INTRODUCTION TO MiCOM MiCOM is a comprehensive solution capable of meeting all electricity supply requirements. It comprises a range of components, systems and services from General Electric. Central to the MiCOM concept is flexibility.

  • Page 22: Product Scope

    P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 PRODUCT SCOPE The MiCOM P442 and P444 Numerical Full Scheme Distance Relays provide comprehensive distance protection for different applications like: lines, cables, tapped lines, lines with multiple zero sequence sources, non-homogeneous lines, series compensated lines and parallel lines.
  • Page 23 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-9 Protection Functions Overview ANSI IEC 61850 Features P442 P444 • • 50BF RBRF Circuit breaker failure PTRC Tripping 1/3p 1/3p RREC Autoreclose (4 shots) 1/3p 1/3p • • RSYN Check synchronism •...
  • Page 24 P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • User friendly setting and analysis software (MiCOM S1 Agile) Application overview Figure 1: Functional diagram Rating options Auxiliary Voltage Rating options Features P442 P444 • • 24 – 48 Vdc only •...
  • Page 25 Introduction P44x/EN IT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IT) 1-11 Ordering options Variants Order No. Distance Protection P442 P44 2 Nominal auxiliary voltage 24-54 Vdc 48-125 Vdc (40-100 Vac) 110-250 Vdc (100-240 Vac) In/Vn rating Dual rated CT (1 & 5A : 100 - 120V) (∑...
  • Page 26 P44x/EN IT/Hb6 Introduction (IT) 1-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Variants Order No. Distance Protection P444 P444 Nominal auxiliary voltage 24-54 Vdc 48-125 Vdc (40-100 Vac) 110-250 Vdc (100-240 Vac) In/Vn rating Dual rated CT (1 & 5A : 100 - 120V) Module Sum (∑1A / PXDB)
  • Page 27 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-1 TECHNICAL DATA Date: 2017...
  • Page 28 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...

  • Page 29: Ordering Options

    Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-3 Technical Data Mechanical Specification P442 & P444 Numerical Distance Protection: Design ∗ 1 & 3 Pole tripping/reclosing (P442 & P444) Modular MiCOM Px40 platform relay available in three different case sizes: In/Vn rating (ordering option): ∗...
  • Page 30 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Rear Communications Port Optional Rear redundant Ethernet K-Bus/EIA(RS485) signal levels, two wire connection for IEC 61850 Connections located on general purpose block, M4 screw. 100 Base FX Interface For screened twisted pair cable, multidrop, Interface in accordance with IEEE802.3 and...
  • Page 31 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-5 Ratings Power supply AC Measuring Inputs Auxiliary Voltage (Vx) Nominal frequency: Three ordering options: ∗ 50 and 60 Hz (settable) (i) Vx: 24 to 48 Vdc Operating range: (ii) Vx: 48 to 110 Vdc, and 40 to 100Vac (rms) ∗...
  • Page 32 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Output Contacts Environmental Conditions Standard Contacts Ambient Temperature Range General purpose relay outputs for signalling, Ambient temperature range tripping and alarming: Operating temperature range: ∗ –25°C to +55°C (or –13°F to +131°F)
  • Page 33 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-7 Fast transient disturbances on power High Voltage (Dielectric) Withstand supply (common mode only): 4 kV, 5 ns rise (EIA RS232 ports excepted). time, 50 ns decay time, 5 kHz repetition...
  • Page 34 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Mechanical Robustness Per IEC 61000-4-8: 2001, Level 5, ∗ 100 A/m applied continuously, Vibration Test ∗ 1000 A/m applied for 3 s. Per IEC 60255-21-1: 1996...
  • Page 35 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-9 Transient Overreach: Additional tolerance due Timing and Accuracy to increasing X/R ratios: ±5% over the X/R ratio from 1 to 90 PERFORMANCE DATA Breaker fail timers accuracy: For all accuracies specified, the repeatability is ±...
  • Page 36 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 UNDERCURRENT PROTECTION DIRECTIONAL AND NON-DIRECTIONAL (I<1,I<2) EARTH FAULT PROTECTION Accuracy (IN>1, IN>2, IN>3 or IN>4) Pick-up: ±10% or 0.025 In, whichever is greater Accuracy Setting ±5% ±5% DT Pick-up: Drop-off: 1.05 ×Setting ±5%...
  • Page 37 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-11 CURRENT TRANSFORMER MEASUREMENTS AND RECORDING SUPERVISION FACILITIES Accuracy Accuracy ± ± Setting ±5% IN> Pick-up: Typically 1%, but 0.5% between Setting ±5% VN< Pick-up: 0.2 - 2In/Vn 0.9 × setting ±5% IN>...
  • Page 38 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Ethernet data FAULT AND DISTURBANCE RECORDS (where applicable) Accuracy 10 Base T /100 Base TX Communications Time and date stamping: ±2 ms of applied fault/event Interface in accordance with IEEE802.3 and Fault clearance time: ±2%...
  • Page 39 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-13 DISTANCE PROTECTION SETTINGS, MEASUREMENTS AND RECORDS LIST Line setting Line Length (Ln): 0.3 to 1000 km (step 0.010) or 0.2 to 625 miles (step 0.005) SETTINGS LIST Line Impedance: 0.001×I1 to 500×I1 (step 0.001×I1)
  • Page 40 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ∗ None, Zone Setting other parameters ∗ Loss of Guard mode, Serial Compensated ∗ Loss of Carrier mode. Line: Enabled/Disabled Overlap Z mode: Enabled/Disabled Z1m Tilt Angle: –45° to +45° (step 1°) Z1p Tilt Angle: –45°...
  • Page 41 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-15 TOR (Trip On Reclose)–SOTF (Switch On To DIRECTIONAL AND NON DIRECTIONAL Fault) modes enabled or disabled for: ∗ TOR logic in case of fault in Z1, Z2, Z3 or...
  • Page 42 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ∗ US Inverse DIRECTIONAL AND NON-DIRECTIONAL ∗ US Short Time Inverse ∗ IN> (%max) EARTH FAULT OVERCURRENT 10% to 100% (step 1%) PROTECTION I2>1 / I2>2 Directional: Earth Fault O/C ∗...
  • Page 43 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-17 AIDED DIRECTIONAL EARTH FAULT VOLTAGE PROTECTION (DEF) OVERVOLTAGE PROTECTION V< & V> modes (threshold activation): ∗ V<1 function: activated/deactivated Aided DEF Status: Enabled/Disabled ∗ V<2 status: activated/deactivated Polarisation: ∗ V<3 status: ∗...
  • Page 44 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 CB CONTROL CIRCUIT BREAKER FAIL AND I< CB Control by: PROTECTION (CB FAIL & I<) ∗ Disabled, Circuit Breaker Fail ∗ Local, CB Fail 1 Status: Disabled/Enabled ∗ Remote, CB Fail 1 timer: 0 to 10 s (step 0.01 s)

  • Page 45: Dnp3.0

    Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-19 DNP3.0 protocol: MEASURED OPERATING DATA Protocol indicated (MEASURE'T SETUP) RP1 Address: 7 to 34 (step 1) RP1 Inactiv timer: 1 mn to 30 mn (step 1 mn) Default Display: ∗...
  • Page 46 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 COMMISSIONING TESTS Teleprotection (InterMiCOM comms) Status of opto-isolated inputs indication, Source Address: 0 to 10 (step 1) Status of output relays indication, Received Address: 0 to 10 (step 1)
  • Page 47 Technical Data P44x/EN TD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TD) 2-21 IED configurator (IEC61850) Autorecloser MiCOM P442 & P444 only Switch between active or inactive configuration Autoreclose mode: banks, Number of shots: ∗ 1P trip mode: MiCOM Configuration Language (MCL) files 1, 1/3, 1/3/3 or 1/3/3/3 ∗...
  • Page 48 P44x/EN TD/Hb6 Technical Data (TD) 2-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Security config When Option installed The security configuration features allows password attempts setting and port access enabling: ∗ Attemps to enter a valid ∗ password setting: 0 to 3 ∗...
  • Page 49 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-1 GETTING STARTED Date: 2017...
  • Page 50 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 51 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-3 CONTENTS GETTING STARTED User interfaces and menu structure Introduction to the relay 1.2.1 Front panel 1.2.2 Relay rear panel Relay connection and power-up Introduction to the user interfaces and settings options Menu structure 1.5.1...
  • Page 52 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 53 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-5 GETTING STARTED Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section/Safety Guide Pxxx-SG-4L-2 or later issue, the Technical Data chapter and the ratings on the equipment rating label.
  • Page 54 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Hotkey functionality (Figure 1): • SCROLL: Starts scrolling through the various default displays. • STOP: Stops scrolling the default display for control of setting groups, control inputs and circuit breaker operation.
  • Page 55 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-7 A – Optional board * F – Output relay/High Break board * B – Optional board * G – Output relay board C – Current and voltage input board F –...
  • Page 56 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay connection and power-up Before powering-up the relay, confirm that the relay power supply voltage and nominal ac signal magnitudes are appropriate for your application. The relay serial number, and the relay’s current and voltage rating, power rating information can be viewed under the top...
  • Page 57 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-9 Keypad/ Courier Modbus IEC 870-5-103 DNP3.0 IEC 61850 Reset of fault & • • • • • alarm records Clear event & • • • • • fault records Time •...
  • Page 58 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.5.1 Protection settings The protection settings include the following items: • protection element settings • scheme logic settings ∗ • auto-reclose and check synchronisation settings (where appropriate)* • fault locator settings (where appropriate)* There are four groups of protection settings, with each group containing the same setting cells.
  • Page 59 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-11 Level Meaning Read Operation Write Operation Read Some SYSTEM DATA column: Password Entry Write Minimal Description LCD Contrast (user interface only) Plant Reference Model Number Serial Number S/W Ref.
  • Page 60 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Level Meaning Read Operation Write Operation Read All All data and settings are All items writeable at level 2. readable. Write All Change all Setting cells Poll Measurements Operations: - Extract and download Setting file.
  • Page 61 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-13 configuration column, provided it is not the present active group. Similarly, a disabled setting group cannot be set as the active group. The column also allows all of the setting values in one group of protection settings to be copied to another group.
  • Page 62 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.8.1 Default display and menu time-out The front panel menu has a selectable default display. The relay will time-out and return to the default display and turn the LCD backlight off after 15 minutes of keypad inactivity. If this happens any setting changes which have not been confirmed will be lost and the original setting values maintained.
  • Page 63 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-15 1.8.1.1 Cyber Security Figure 5 depicts the navigation between default displays. Figure 5: Default display navigation The right cursor key takes you to the next menu option in a clockwise direction, whereas the left cursor key takes you to the next menu option in an anti-clockwise direction.
  • Page 64 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.8.3 Hotkey menu navigation The hotkey menu can be browsed using the two keys directly below the LCD. These are known as direct access keys. The direct access keys perform the function that is displayed directly above them on the LCD.
  • Page 65 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-17 Px4x P1246ENk Figure 6: Hotkey menu navigation 1.8.4 Password entry 1.8.4.1 Standard relays When entry of a password is required the following prompt will appear: Enter password **** Level 1 Note: The password required to edit the setting is the prompt as shown above.
  • Page 66 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Enter Password 1. A flashing cursor shows which character field of the password can be changed. Press the up or down cursor keys to change each character (tip: pressing the up arrow once will return an upper case "A"...
  • Page 67 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-19 Update settings? Enter or clear Pressing  will result in the new settings being adopted, pressing  will cause the relay to discard the newly entered values. It should be noted that, the setting values will also be discarded if the menu time out occurs before the setting changes have been confirmed.
  • Page 68 Getting Started (GS) 3-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 communication is connecting Tx to Tx and Rx to Rx. This could happen if a ‘cross-over’ serial connector is used, i.e. one that connects pin 2 to pin 3, and pin 3 to pin 2, or if the PC has the same pin configuration as the relay.
  • Page 69 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-21 Start Start Data Model Manager Download data models Start S1 Agile Open Click System Offline system Explorer tile then Open system or Online or offline? New System tile or...
  • Page 70 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 2. Follow the on-screen instructions. 1.10.1.3 Set up a System 1. Click the System Explorer tile then the New System tile or Open System tile. 2. From the menu bar select View then System Explorer.
  • Page 71 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-23 3. Once the file is retrieved, click Close. 1.10.1.10 Extract an event file from a device 1. Using System Explorer, find the device. 2. Right-click the device's Events folder and select Extract Events.
  • Page 72 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • extract disturbance records from a device • control breakers and isolators • set the date and time on a device • set the active group on a device •...
  • Page 73 Getting Started P44x/EN GS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (GS) 3-25 By loading a copy of the current menu text file in one of the standard languages into the reference column, you can type the appropriate translation of each menu entry into the target column.
  • Page 74 P44x/EN GS/Hb6 Getting Started (GS) 3-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 75 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-1 SETTING Date: 2017...
  • Page 76 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 77 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-3 CONTENTS SETTINGS Relay setting configuration (“System Data” column) Configuration column (“Configuration” menu) 1.2.1 Alternative setting groups 1.2.2 Selection of Setting Groups PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Distance zone settings (“Distance” menu) Distance protection schemes (“Distance Scheme” menu) Power Swing detection and blocking (PSB) (“Power swing”...
  • Page 78 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.7.2 Communication settings for IEC 60870-5-103 3.7.3 Communication settings for Modbus protocol 3.7.4 Communication settings for DNP3.0 protocol 3.7.5 Communications for Ethernet port – IEC 61850 protocol “Commissioning tests” column Opto inputs configuration (“Universal Input”...
  • Page 79 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-5 SETTINGS The MiCOM P44x protection must be configured to the system and application by means of appropriate settings. The sequence of the settings is listed and described in this section.
  • Page 80 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. SYSTEM DATA Software Ref. 2 Software Ref. 2 is displayed for a relay with IEC 61850 protocol only and displays the software version of the Ethernet card.
  • Page 81 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-7 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. SYSTEM DATA Password Level 2 **** Allows user to change password level 2. Password in relays with Cyber Security features may be any length between 0 and 8 characters long (see section P44x/EN CS for password strengthening and validation and blank password management).
  • Page 82 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Menu text Default setting Available settings CONFIGURATION Copy From Group 1 Group1,2,3 or 4 Allows displayed settings to be copied from a selected setting group. Copy To No Operation No Operation / Group1, 2, 3 or 4 Allows displayed settings to be copied to a selected setting group (ready to paste).
  • Page 83 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-9 Menu text Default setting Available settings CONFIGURATION Thermal Overload Disabled Enabled or Disabled To enable (activate) or disable (turn off) the thermal overload protection function. I< Protection Disabled Enabled or Disabled To enable (activate) or disable (turn off) the Undercurrent protection function.
  • Page 84 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Menu text Default setting Available settings CONFIGURATION Direct Access Enabled Enabled or Disabled Defines what CB control direct access is allowed. Enabled implies control via menu, hotkeys etc. Inter MiCOM...
  • Page 85 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-11 appropriate setting group can be selected as required. This facility is extremely useful in the case of unattended substations where all of the switching can be controlled remotely. Main bus...
  • Page 86 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Binary State of SG Change bit 1 Binary State of SG Change bit 0 Setting Group Opto 2 Opto 1 Activated Table 1 - Setting Group Selection REMINDER: IF SELECTED IN THE MENU (CHANGE BY OPTOS), OPTO 1 & 2 MUST...
  • Page 87 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-13 PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Distance zone settings (“Distance” menu) The “Distance elements” menu setting is used to set the line protection (line and zone setting). The Zone setting menu allows 6 zones setting.
  • Page 88 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – DISTANCE ELEMENTS 15/In Ω 0.001/In Ω 500/In Ω 0.001/In Ω 10/In Ω 400/In Ω 0.01/In Ω R1G: Resistive reach (Earth fault element, refer to P44x/EN AP for resistive reach calculation (earth and phase) setting).
  • Page 89 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-15 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – DISTANCE ELEMENTS 25/In Ω 400/In Ω 0.01/In Ω RpG: Resistive reach – Earth fault element for zone P. 25/In Ω...
  • Page 90 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – DISTANCE ELEMENTS OTHER PARAMETERS Serial Cmp.line Disable Enable Disable Serial Compensated Line: If enabled, the Directional Line used in the Delta Algorithms is set at 90°...
  • Page 91 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-17 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – DISTANCE ELEMENTS Vmem Validity 10mss The duration of the voltage memory availability after fault detection can be set. When the voltage memory is declared unavailable (e.g.
  • Page 92 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: DISTANCE SCHEMES Program Mode Standard Scheme Standard Scheme Open Scheme The ‘Program Mode’ cell is used to select the standard program mode or open program mode.
  • Page 93 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-19 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: DISTANCE SCHEMES Aid dist. Delay 0.02s 0.002s Available with PUP Z2, PUP FWD, POP Z1 and POP Z2 schemes. This time-delay represents the end of transmission time in blocking scheme: if the remote relay has picked up in zone 2, then it will trip after the “Aid Dist.
  • Page 94 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: DISTANCE SCHEMES Z1 Ext. on Chan. Fail Disabled Disabled or Enabled Enable or disable the “Z1X extension on channel fail”: For the duration of any alarm condition (loss of guard, loss of carrier), the “zone 1 extension”...
  • Page 95 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-21 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: DISTANCE SCHEMES LOL undercurrent detector that indicates a loss of load condition on the unfaulted phases, indicating that the remote end has just opened.
  • Page 96 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: POWER SWING IN > (% Imax) 100% Residual current threshold for power swing unblocking. It is a percentage of the highest measured current on any phase.
  • Page 97 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-23 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1: POWER SWING Stable swing Threshold of number of Stable Swings. Triggers DDB #353 when reached. Setting of the number of steps to confirm Stable Swing condition.
  • Page 98 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – BACK-UP I> time. The reference curve is based on Time Dial = 1. Care: Certain manufacturer’s use a mid-range value of time dial = 5 or 7. So; it may be necessary to divide by 5 or 7 to achieve parity.
  • Page 99 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-25 improves sensitivity for earth faults. However, certain faults may arise which can remain undetected by such schemes. Any unbalanced fault condition will produce negative sequence current of some magnitude. Therefore, a negative phase sequence overcurrent element can operate for both phase-to- phase and phase to earth faults.
  • Page 100 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – NEG SEQUENCE O/C I2>1 Time VTS 0.200 s 100.0 s 0.01 s Sets the VTS time-delay. The VTS alarm will occur if VT fault occurs during more than the VTS time-delay.
  • Page 101 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-27 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – NEG SEQUENCE O/C I2>4 Status Disabled Disabled, Enabled I2>4 Directional Non Directional Non-directional, Directional FWD, Directional I2>4 VTS Block...
  • Page 102 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-28 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Broken conductor detection The following table shows the relay menu for the Broken Conductor protection, including the available setting ranges and factory defaults: Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 –...
  • Page 103 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-29 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – EARTH FAULT O/C IN>1 Function Disabled, DT, IEC S Inverse, IEC V Inverse, IEC E Inverse, UK LT Inverse, IEEE M Inverse,...
  • Page 104 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-30 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – EARTH FAULT O/C IN>2 Directional Non Directional Non-Directional, Directional Fwd, Directional Rev IN>2 VTS Block Non directional Block, Non directional IN>2 Current Set...
  • Page 105 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-31 Aided Directional Earth Fault (DEF) protection schemes (“Aided D.E.F” menu) The relay has aided scheme settings as shown in the following table: Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 –...
  • Page 106 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-32 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size characteristic. Thermal Alarm 100% An alarm can be raised on reaching a thermal state corresponding to a percentage of the trip threshold. A typical setting might be ‘Thermal Trip’ = 70% of thermal capacity.
  • Page 107 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-33 2.12 Undercurrent protection (“I< protection” menu) This menu contains undercurrent protection functions. 2.12.1 Undercurrent protection The undercurrent protection included within the P442 and P444 relays consists of two independent stages.
  • Page 108 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-34 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – VOLT Protection UNDER VOLTAGE V< Measur't Mode Phase-Neutral Phase-phase, Phase-neutral Select the undervoltage protection to operate from a phase to phase voltage or phase to earth measurement.
  • Page 109 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-35 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – VOLT PROTECTION OVERVOLTAGE V> Measur't Mode Phase-Neutral Phase-phase, Phase-neutral, Independent Select the overvoltage protection to operate from a phase to phase voltage, phase to earth measurement or Independent.
  • Page 110 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-36 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – VOLT PROTECTION V>3 Measur't Mode Phase-Neutral Phase-phase, Phase-neutral This setting is to select the measurement mode Phase-Phase or Phase-Neutral for stage 3 of the Overvoltage Protection.
  • Page 111 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-37 2.14.2 Overfrequency protection Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – FREQ PROTECTION OVERFREQUENCY F>1 Status Disabled Disabled / Enabled Setting to enable or disable the first overfrequency element. The F>1 threshold setting and time-delay (following submenus) are settable when F>1 status is enabled.
  • Page 112 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-38 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – CB FAIL & I< CBF Ext Reset CB Open & I< I< Only, CB Open & I<, Prot Reset & I<, Prot Reset or I<, Disable...
  • Page 113 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-39 NON-PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Circuit breaker condition monitoring (“CB Condition” and “CB monitor setup” menus) 3.1.1 Circuit Breaker Condition Monitoring Features For each circuit breaker trip and autoreclose operation the relay, records statistics. The ‘CB condition’...
  • Page 114 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-40 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.1.2 CB condition monitoring The following table, detailing the options available for the CB condition monitoring, includes the setup of the current broken facility and those features which can be set to raise an alarm or CB lockout.
  • Page 115 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-41 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size CB Time Lockout Alarm Disabled Alarm Disabled, Alarm Enabled Setting to activate the circuit breaker operating time lockout alarm. CB Time Lockout 0.2s...
  • Page 116 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-42 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size CB CONTROL Opto+Rem+local This setting selects the type of circuit breaker control that be used in the logic (trip and close): – Local: Local trip or close of the circuit breaker using the front panel of the relay (‘System Data / CB Trip/Close’...
  • Page 117 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-43 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size CB CONTROL ‘A/R Single Pole’ and ‘A/R Three pole’ must be enabled for validating the autoreclose function (“Autoreclose” menu, 1 pole (1P) and 3 poles (3P) cells.
  • Page 118 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-44 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. CT AND VT RATIOS Main VT Location Line Line / Bus The Check Sync VT may be connected to either a phase to phase or phase to neutral voltage.
  • Page 119 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-45 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. RECORD CONTROL System Event Enabled Enabled or Disabled Disabling this setting means that no System Events will be generated. Fault Rec. Event...
  • Page 120 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-46 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. DISTURB RECORDER This sets the trigger point as a percentage of the duration. For example, the default settings show that the overall recording time is set to 1.5s with the trigger point being at 33.3% of this, giving 0.5 s pre-fault and 1.0 s post fault recording times.
  • Page 121 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-47 Measurements (“Measure’t setup” column) This column is visible when the “Measure’t Setup” setting (“Configuration” column) = “visible”. Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. MEASUREMENT SETUP Description / Plant Reference / U – I –...
  • Page 122 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-48 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. MEASUREMENT SETUP Fault Location Distance Distance / Ohm / % of Line The calculated fault location can be displayed using one of several options selected using this setting.
  • Page 123 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-49 3.7.2 Communication settings for IEC 60870-5-103 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS RP1 Protocol IEC60870-5-103 Indicates the communications protocol that will be used on the rear communications port.
  • Page 124 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-50 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.7.3 Communication settings for Modbus protocol Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS RP1 Protocol Modbus Indicates the communications protocol that will be used on the rear communications port.
  • Page 125 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-51 3.7.4 Communication settings for DNP3.0 protocol Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS RP1 Protocol Protocol Indicates the communications protocol that will be used on the rear communications port.
  • Page 126 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-52 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS RP1 Baud Rate 19200 bits/s 9600 bits/s, 19200 bits/s or 38400 bits/s If RP1 Status = “EIA(RS)485” or “K bus OK”: This cell controls the communication speed between relay and master station.
  • Page 127 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-53 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS Duration of time waited before an inactive tunnel to MiCOM S1 Agile is reset. Alarm, Event, None NIC Link Report...
  • Page 128 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-54 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 SNTP Parameters SNTP Server 1 SNTP server 1 Address Time synchronization is supported using SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol); this protocol is used to synchronize the internal real time clock of the relays. This cell displays the IP address of the primary SNTP server.
  • Page 129 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-55 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. COMMUNICATIONS REAR PORT2 (RP2) RP2 Inactivity Timer 15 mins. 1 mins. 30 mins. 1 min. This cell controls how long the relay will wait without receiving any messages on the rear port before it reverts to its default state, including resetting any password access that was enabled.
  • Page 130 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-56 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Menu Text Default Setting Available Settings COMMISSION TESTS 0 to 2047 See P44x/EN PL section for Monitor Bit 1 Relay Label 01 details of digital data bus signals Monitor Bit 8...
  • Page 131 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-57 Menu Text Default Setting Available Settings COMMISSION TESTS No operation / 3 pole test / Autoreclose test No Operation Pole A Test / Pole B test / pole C test Where the relay provides an auto-reclose function, this cell will be available for testing the sequence of circuit breaker trip and auto-reclose cycles with the settings applied.
  • Page 132 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-58 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. Universal Inputs Characteristics Standard 60%-80% 50% - 70 % / Standard 60%-80% Controls the changement of state of opto isolated inputs, according to the nominal voltage value.
  • Page 133 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-59 Menu Text Default Setting Available Setting CTRL I/P CONFIG. Control Input 2 to 32 Latched Latched, Pulsed Configures the control inputs as either ‘latched’ or ‘pulsed’. Ctrl Command Set/Reset, In/Out, Enabled/Disabled,...
  • Page 134 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-60 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size INTERMICOM COMMS Rx Direct count Data Number of Permissive Tripping messages received with the correct message structure. Rx Block Count Data Number of Blocking messages received with the correct message structure.
  • Page 135 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-61 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size INTERMICOM COMMS Loopback Mode Disabled Disabled / Internal / External By selecting “Loopback Mode” to “Internal”, only the internal software of the relay is checked whereas “External”...
  • Page 136 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-62 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size INTERMICOM CONF Visible if “IM1 Fallback Mode” = “Default”. Sets the default value to assign to the command after a time period.
  • Page 137 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-63 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. FUNCTION KEYS Fn. Key 2 to 10 Mode Toggled Toggled, Normal Sets the function key in toggle or normal mode (see “Fn. Key 1 mode”).
  • Page 138 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-64 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.14 “IED configurator” column (P442 / P444 only) The contents of the IED CONFIGURATOR column (for IEC 61850 configuration) are mostly data cells, displayed for information but not editable. to edit the configuration, it is necessary to use the IED (Intelligent Electronic Device) configurator tool within MiCOM S1 Agile.
  • Page 139 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-65 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. IED CONFIGURATOR GoEna 00000000 00000000 11111111 GoEna (GOose ENAble) is a setting to enable GOOSE (Generic Object Orientated Substation Event, for high-speed inter-device messaging) publisher settings. This setting enables (“1”) or disables (“0”) GOOSE control blocks from 08 (first digit) to 01 (last digit).
  • Page 140 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-66 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. SUPERVISION – GROUP 1 Sets the sensitivity of the superimposed current elements. CT Supervision – Group 1 CTS Status Disabled Enabled / Disabled Enables or disables the Circuit Transformer Supervision.
  • Page 141 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-67 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – SYSTEM CHECK C/S Check Scheme for Man Bit 0: Live Bus / Dead Line, Bit 1: Dead Bus / Live Line, Bit 2: Live Bus / Live Line.
  • Page 142 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-68 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – AUTORECLOSE 1P Trip Mode 1 – Single 1/3 – Single/Three 1/3/3 – Single/Three/Three 1/3/3/3 – Single/Three/Three/Three Number of shots, single pole trip mode (displayed if “A/R single pole” is enabled (‘CB Control’...
  • Page 143 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-69 Setting range Menu text Default setting Step size GROUP 1 – AUTORECLOSE C/S on 3P Rcl DT1 Enabled Enabled, Disabled Check synchronism on 3-pole reclosure during Dead Time 1 Enables or disables the control by the check synchronism logic of the 3P high speed autoreclosure (HSAR) cycle during dead time 1 (check synchro 3P HSAR).
  • Page 144 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-70 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.18 Security configuration (“SECURITY CONFIG” menu, if option avalable) The SECURITY CONFIG column contains the main configuration settings for Security functions. This column is used to set the password attempts number and duration. When these limits expire, access to the interface is blocked until timer has expired.
  • Page 145 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-71 Setting Range Menu Text Default Setting Step Size Min. Max. Attempts Remain Data Indicates the number of attempts to enter a password. Blk Time Remain Data Indicates the blocking time remain (in minute).
  • Page 146 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-72 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC DEFAULT SETTINGS The relay includes Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) - one PSL by Group of settings enabled (maximum 4 groups of PSL Logic can be assigned in the relay).
  • Page 147 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-73 • Communication with the relay can be started (Device \ open connection \ address1 \ pword AAAA) and the PSL activated in the internal logic of the relay can be extracted, displayed, modified and uploaded again to the relay.
  • Page 148 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-74 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Or “Custom” can be selected in the menu to set a different voltage pick-up for any opto inputs: The default mappings for each of the inputs are shown in section P44x/EN PL.
  • Page 149 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-75 Relay Contact P442 Relay P444 Relay N° A/R Close [straight] A/R Close [straight] Power Swing Detected Power Swing Detected [straight] [straight] Not allocated Not allocated Not allocated Not allocated Not allocated...
  • Page 150 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-76 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Input Output Pulse setting Pulse Timer Input Output Pulse setting Input Pick Up/ Output Tp setting Td setting Drop Off Timer Input Output Tp setting Td setting Input Output Timer setting...
  • Page 151 Setting P44x/EN ST/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (ST) 4-77 Programmable LED output mapping The default mappings for each of the programmable LEDs are as shown in the following table: P442 Relay P444 Relay Any Trip A Any Trip A...
  • Page 152 P44x/EN ST/Hb6 Setting (ST) 4-78 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 CURRENT TRANSFORMER REQUIREMENTS Two calculations must be performed – one for the three phase fault current at the zone 1 reach, and one for earth (ground) faults. The higher of the two calculated Vk voltages must...
  • Page 153 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-1 APPLICATION NOTES Date: 2017...
  • Page 154 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 155 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Protection of overhead lines and cable circuits MiCOM distance relay 1.2.1 Protection Features 1.2.2 Non-Protection Features 1.2.3 Additional Features for the P442 Relay Model 1.2.4 Additional Features for the P444 Relay Model...
  • Page 156 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Channel Aided distance schemes 3.2.1 Standard Scheme 3.2.2 Trip Mode 3.2.3 Carrier send Zone (open scheme) 3.2.4 Distance Carrier Received (Dist CR) 3.2.5 Current reversal guard logic 3.2.6 Unblocking logic (permissive scheme) 3.2.7...
  • Page 157 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-5 4.6.1 Setting guidelines 4.6.2 Setting example Directional and non-directional earth fault protection 4.7.1 Setting guidelines 4.7.2 Directional Earth Fault Protection (DEF) Aided Directional Earth Fault (DEF) 4.8.1 DEF Protection Against High Resistance Earth Faults 4.8.2...
  • Page 158 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.8.1 Voltage transformer supervision (VTS) – Main VT for minZ measurement 5.8.2 Current Transformer Supervision (CTS) 5.8.3 Capacitive Voltage Transformers Supervision (CVTS) Check synchronisation 5.9.1 Live Busbar and Dead Line 5.9.2...
  • Page 159 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-7 INTRODUCTION Protection of overhead lines and cable circuits Overhead lines are amongst the most fault susceptible items of plant in a modern power system. It is therefore essential that the protection associated with them provide secure and reliable operation.
  • Page 160 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 element can be used for SOFT/TOR logic. The fourth element can be configured for stub bus protection in 1½ circuit breaker arrangements. • 50N/51N: Instantaneous and time-delayed neutral overcurrent protection. Four elements are available.
  • Page 161 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-9 • Fault/Event/Disturbance Records - Available from the serial communications or on the relay display (fault and event records only). • Distance to fault locator - Reading in km, miles or % of line length.
  • Page 162 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.2.4 Additional Features for the P444 Relay Model • Single pole tripping and autoreclose. • Real Time Clock Synchronisation - Time synchronisation is possible from the relay IRIG-B input. (IRIG-B must be specified as an option).
  • Page 163 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-11 DISTANCE ALGORITHMS The operation is based on the combined use of two types of algorithms: • "Delta" algorithms, also called High Speed algorithms, using the superimposed current and voltage values that are characteristic of a fault. These are used for phase selection and directional determination.
  • Page 164 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The following describes how to solve the above equation (determination of D fault distance and R fault resistance). The line model used is the 3×3 matrix of the symmetrical line impedances (resistive and inductive) of the three phases, and mutual values between phases.
  • Page 165 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-13 2.1.1 Phase-to-earth loop impedance / (1+k X / Phase Fault Fault R / Phase Fault Location of Distance Relay P3031ENa Figure 2: Phase-to-earth loop impedance The impedance model for the phase-to-earth loop is: VαN = Z1 x Dfault x (Iα...
  • Page 166 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ) + R α N α fault fault fault − .3 0 α N α fault fault fault − − = (R +j.X ) + R α N α...
  • Page 167 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-15 The impedance model for the phase-to-phase loop is: αβ αβ = ZL x Dfault x I + Rfault /2 x Ifault αβ with = phase AB, BC or CA αβ...
  • Page 168 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Phase selection As the superimposed values no longer include the load currents, it is possible to make high- speed phase selection. 2.2.1 Fault Modelling Consider a stable network status-the steady-state load flow prior to any start. When a fault occurs, a new network is established.
  • Page 169 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-17 • Power System Frequency is being measured and tracked (48 samples per cycle at 50 or 60 Hz). No fault is detected: • all nominal phase voltages are between 70% and 130% of the nominal value.
  • Page 170 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Example: isolated AC fault...
  • Page 171 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-19...
  • Page 172 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 2.2.3 Confirmation To eliminate the transitions generated by possible operations or by high frequencies, the transition detected over a succession of three sampled values is confirmed by checking for at least one loop for which the two following conditions are met: •...
  • Page 173 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-21 S >5 x (10% x Vn x 20% x In x cos (85°) This sum is calculated on five successive samples. the RCA angle of the delta algorithms is equal to 60° (-30°) if the protected line is not serie compensated (otherwise RCA is equal to 0°).
  • Page 174 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Confirmation Phase selection Start Directional decision P3036ENa Figure 7: Deltas algorithms High speed algorithms are used only during the first 2 cycles following a fault detection. "Conventional" Algorithms These algorithms do not use the superimposed values but use the impedance values measured under fault conditions.
  • Page 175 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-23 2.3.1 Convergence Analysis This analysis is based on the measurements of distance and resistance of the fault. These measurements are taken on each phase-ground and phase-phase loops (18 loops in total).
  • Page 176 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 2.3.3 Phase Selection If the fault currents are high enough with respect to the maximum load currents current- based phase selection is used; if not, impedance-based phase selection is required.
  • Page 177 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-25 Following are the different phase selections: • S = T x R single-phase A to earth fault • S = T x R single-phase B to earth fault • SCN = T x RCN x single-phase C to earth fault •...
  • Page 178 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Single-phase fault The reference voltage is stored in memory when the fault appears. When the fault is eliminated by single-phase tripping, the high-speed single-phase auto-reclose (HSAR) is started. If a fault appears less than three cycles after the AR starts, the stored voltage value remains valid as the reference and is used to calculate direction.
  • Page 179 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-27 Figure 9: Phase-to-earth loop impedance Tripping Logic 2.5.1 General Three tripping modes can be selected ('Distance Scheme\Trip Mode' setting): Single-pole trip at T1 (if “1P. Z1 & CR” is set): Single-pole trip for fault in zone 1 at T1 and channel-aided trip at T1.
  • Page 180 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-28 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444  DEF Trip A, DEF Trip B and DEF Trip C (Directional Earth fault section),  User Trip A, User Trip B and User Trip C (trip logic),  External Trip A, External Trip B and External trip C (PSL) •...
  • Page 181 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-29 Fault Locator The relay has an integral fault locator that uses information from the current and voltage inputs to provide a distance-to-fault measurement. The fault locator measures the distance by applying the same distance calculation principle as that used for the fault-clearing, distance-measurement algorithm.
  • Page 182 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-30 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The calculation for phase-to-phase loop is based on the following equation: – I ) + (L – L + (L – L + (L – L fault fault fault...
  • Page 183 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-31 mutual coupling may be large, and either must be factored into the settings, or accommodated by measurement of the parallel, mutually-coupled lines residual (earth) current, where zero-sequence current information is available. The value of the residual currents from parallel lines is then integrated into the distance measurement equation.
  • Page 184 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-32 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Reverse Forward Weak Strong Source Source Forward Forward All breakers closed Relay 3 senses reverse current Forward Reverse Strong Weak Source Source Forward Breaker 1 opens Relay 3 senses forward current...
  • Page 185 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-33 DISTANCE PROTECTION AND DISTANCE SCHEME FUNCTIONS The following sections detail the individual protection functions in addition to where and how they may be applied. The following section details the individual distance protection functions, in addition to where they may be applied.
  • Page 186 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-34 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Fault distance characteristics (“Distance elements” menu setting) This section explains in detail the “Distance elements” menu setting. This menu is used to set the line protection. The following sections contain line and zone setting application. A general example of setting (distance elements and schemes) is presented in section 3.4.
  • Page 187 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-35 3.1.2.1 Zone setting – Zone Status The P442 and P444 relays have 6 zones of phase or earth fault protection, as shown in the impedance plots below. The fault protections are completed by a tilt characteristic (tilt angle).
  • Page 188 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-36 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 16: Phase/ground fault quadrilateral characteristics (Ω/phase scheme) Ω Note: In a /phase scheme, R must be divided by 1+K (for a phase/ground diagram The angle of the start element (Quad) is the angle of the 2Z...
  • Page 189 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-37 • The zone 3 elements would usually be used to provide overall back-up protection for adjacent circuits. The zone 3 reach (Z3) is therefore set to approximately 120% of the combined impedance of the protected line plus the longest adjacent line.
  • Page 190 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-38 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Z1 Extension (A) Z1 Extension (B) P3052ENa Figure 17: Zone 1 extension scheme Z1 < Z1X < Z2 Z1 < Z2 < Z1X (with Z1 < ZL < Z1X) In this scheme, zone 1X is enabled and set to overreach the protected line.
  • Page 191 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-39 which the residual compensation factor kZ1 is set to a lower value than normal (typically ≤ 80% of normal kZ1). Z1 G/F (Optional) Z1 G/F (Normal) Z MO P3048EN...
  • Page 192 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-40 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Z2 ' Boost ' G/F Z2 PH (i) Group 1 Z2 ' Reduced ' G/F Z2 PH (ii) Group 2 P3049EN Figure 19: Mutual Coupling example - zone 2 reach considerations 3.1.2.2...
  • Page 193 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-41 On a line or on a cable, Z2 = Z1. It results: VA = Z1 (I1 + I2) + Z0I0 We can write also: IA = I1 + I2 + I0 (I1 + I2) = IA –...
  • Page 194 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-42 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 right hand and left hand resistive reach constraints of each zone are displaced by +RPh and -RPh either side of the characteristic impedance of the line, respectively. RPh is generally set on a per zone basis, using R1Ph, R2Ph, RpPh and RqPh.
  • Page 195 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-43 Zone 3 R3PG-R4PG LOAD Zone 4 P0475ENa Figure 20: Resistive reaches for load avoidance As shown in the Figure, R3Ph-R4Ph is set such as to avoid point Z by a suitable margin.
  • Page 196 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-44 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 [(R3G – R4G) – ∆R] ≤ 80% Z min load ∆R = 0,032 x ∆f x R load min With ∆f: power swing frequency R load min: minimum load resistance A typical resistive reach coverage would be 40 Ω...
  • Page 197 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-45 residual current on the parallel line is measured. It is extremely important that the polarity of connection for the mutual CT input is correct, as shown. The system assumed for the distance protection worked example will be used here, refer to section 3.3.
  • Page 198 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-46 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Channel Aided distance schemes The following diagram gives the logic of the distance protection: Figure 21: Channel aided distance scheme in the distance protection diagram This section details the “Channel Aided Distance schem” path.
  • Page 199 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-47 provide main protection for the line or cable as shown in Figure 22 below, with zone 3 reaching further to provide back up protection for faults on adjacent circuits.
  • Page 200 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-48 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 will still result in time delayed tripping. Where high speed protection is required over the entire line, then a channel aided scheme will have to be employed. 3.2.1.2 Permissive Underreach Transfer Trip Schemes PUP Z2 and PUP Fwd To provide fast fault clearance for all faults, both transient and permanent, along the length of the protected circuit, it is necessary to use a signal aided tripping scheme.
  • Page 201 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-49 Figure 25: PUP Z2 permissive underreach scheme Trip logic: Carrier User IEC Standard Trip Logic Application Send setting Z2.CR.’Aid Dist Delay’ + Z1.T1 + Z2.T2 448.15.13 PUR or AUP...
  • Page 202 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-50 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 26: PUP fwd permissive underreach scheme Key: Forward fault detection (DDB: ‘Dist Fwd’ or ‘DEF Fwd’); <Z Underimpedance Started: Z2 or Z3. Trip logic: Carrier User IEC Standard...
  • Page 203 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-51 The signaling channel is keyed from operation of zone 2 elements of the relay. If the remote relay has picked up in zone 2, then it will operate with Transmission Time (‘Distance schemes / Aid Dist Delay’) delay on reception of the permissive signal.
  • Page 204 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-52 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 as a reverse fault detector. This is used in the current reversal logic and in the optional weak infeed echo feature. Note: Should the signalling channel fail, the fastest tripping in the Basic scheme will be subject to the tZ2 time delay.
  • Page 205 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-53 Trip logic: Carrier User IEC Standard Trip Logic Application Send setting Z1.CR.’Aid Dist Delay’ + Z1.T2 + Z2.T2 448.15.16 POR1 or POP or POTT Z1 > ZL POP Z1 + Z3.T3...
  • Page 206 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-54 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 P3065ENa Figure 31: Main protection in the BOP Z1 scheme Figure 32: Logic diagram for the BOP Z1 scheme Trip logic: Carrier User IEC Standard Trip Logic Application Send setting Z1.
  • Page 207 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-55 Figure 33: Main protection in the BOP Z2 scheme Figure 34: Logic diagram for the BOP Z2 scheme Trip logic: Carrier User IEC Standard Trip Logic Application Send setting Z2.
  • Page 208 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-56 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.2.2 Trip Mode The tripping mode is settable using the three following modes: • Force 3 Poles: three-pole trip (in all cases) • 1 Pole Z1 & CR: single pole trip at T1 when a fault is detected in zone 1 (Z1) or at CR (Carrier Receive) reception.
  • Page 209 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-57 • CsZ1, CsZ2 and CsZ4 = Carrier send for zone 1, zone 2 or zone 4, • Reverse' = Reverse Fault detected, • Z1 to Z4 = Zone 1 to 4 decision (blocked by Power swing or Reversal guard), •...
  • Page 210 Application Notes (AP) 5-58 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 at substation D (circuit breaker D, Figure 36). The reset of the current reversal guard timer is initiated when the reverse looking Zone 4 resets. A time delay tREVERSAL GUARD is required in case the overreaching trip element at end D operates before the signal sent from the relay at end C has reset.
  • Page 211 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-59 ‘DIST. UNB CR’ = ‘DIST. Chan Recv’ (CR unblocked when “distance carrier received” is present), ‘DEF. UNB CR’ = ‘DEF. Chan Recv’ (DEF CR unblocked when “DEF carrier received” is present).
  • Page 212 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-60 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ‘DIST. Chan Recv’ ‘DIST. COS’ ‘DIST. UNB CR’ ‘COS alarm’ ‘DEF. Chan Recv’ ‘DEF. COS’ ‘DEF. UNB CR’ 1 (Window) 1 (delayed) 1 (delayed) 3.2.6.3 Loss of Carrier In this mode the signalling equipment used is such that a carrier/data messages are continuously transmitted across the channel, when in service.
  • Page 213 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-61 Note: For DEF the logic used will depend upon which settings are enabled: • Same channel (shared) In this case, the DEF channel is the Main Distance channel signal (the scheme & contacts of carrier received will be identical) •...
  • Page 214 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-62 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 39: SOTF-TOR activation logic TOR Enable logic is activated in 2 cases: 1. When the internal autorecloser is enabled or when the reclaim signal from an external autorecloser is connected to a logic input (opto input): As soon as the reclaim time starts, the “TOR Enable”...
  • Page 215 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-63 Trip Reclosing Any Pole Dead 500 ms 200 ms TOR Enabl e P0532ENa • The SOTF protection is enabled when the circuit breaker has been open 3 pole for longer than 110 s.
  • Page 216 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-64 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.2.7.3 TOR-SOTF Trip Logic During the TOR-SOTF 500 ms window, individual distance protection zones can be enabled or disabled using the TOR-SOTF Mode (‘Distance schemes’ menu) function links (TOR logic Bit0 to Bit4 &...
  • Page 217 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-65 TOR Trip logic results Type of Fault Fault in Zp Fault in Zp (Zq) (Zq) TOR selected Logic Fault in Z1 Fault in Z2 forward reverse Fault in Z3 Fault in Z4...
  • Page 218 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-66 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 After the 500 ms TOR-SOTF time windows has ended, the I>3 overcurrent element remains in service with a trip time delay equal to the setting ‘Group 1/Back-up I>/I>3 Time Delay’.
  • Page 219 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-67 Figure 42: Switch on to fault and trip on reclose logic diagram 3.2.8 Zone 1 Ext. on Channel Fail See section 3.1. 3.2.9 Permissive Overreach Schemes Weak Infeed (WI) Features Weak Infeed (WI) logic can be enabled to run in parallel with all the permissive schemes.
  • Page 220 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-68 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Note: The 2 modes are blocked during Fuse failure conditions. 3.2.9.1 Weak Infeed Activation Figure 43: Weak Infeed mode activation logic 3.2.9.2 Weak Infeed Echo For permissive schemes, a signal would only be sent if the required signal send zone were to detect a fault.
  • Page 221 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-69 Figure 45: Weak infeed phase selection logic DDB: ‘DIST. UNB CR’ (or ‘DEF. UNB CR’) is used as a filter to avoid a permanent phase selection which could be maintained if CBaux signals are not mapped in the PSL (when line is opened).
  • Page 222 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-70 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 47: Weak infeed trip logic 3.2.10 Loss of Load (LoL) 3.2.11 Loss of Load Accelerated Tripping (LoL) The loss of load logic provides fast fault clearance for faults over the whole of a double end fed protected circuit for all types of fault, except three phases.
  • Page 223 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-71 LOL-A LOL-B & LOL-C 18ms & Trip & 40ms P3053ENa Figure 48: Loss-of-load accelerated trip scheme For circuits with load tapped off the protected line, care must be taken in setting the loss of load feature to ensure that the I<...
  • Page 224 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-72 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Tiger Bay Green valley Blue River Rocky bay 80 Km 100 Km 60 Km System Data Green Valley - Blue River transmission line System voltage 230kv System grounding solid...
  • Page 225 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-73 = 4.64 / 79.4° Ω secondary. = 100 x 0.484 / 79.4° + 50% x 60 x 0.484 / 79.4° The Line Angle = 80°. Therefore actual Zone 1 reach, Z1 = 4.64 / 80° Ω secondary.
  • Page 226 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-74 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 kZ0 kZ0 Res. Comp, ) / 3.Z Ie: As a ratio. ∠kZ0 ∠ (Z kZ0 Angle, ) / 3.Z Set in degrees. (0.426 + j1.576) - (0.089 + j0.476) 0.337 + j1.1...
  • Page 227 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-75 Where: ∆R width of the power swing detection band ∆f power swing frequency (f – f Rlim resistive reach of the starting characteristic (=R3ph-R4ph) network impedance corresponding to the sum of the reverse (Z4) and...
  • Page 228 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-76 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay A will underreach for faults beyond the tee-point with infeed from terminal C. When terminal C is a relatively strong source, the underreaching effect can be substantial. For a zone 2 element set to 120% of the protected line, this effect may result in non-operation of the element for internal faults.
  • Page 229 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-77 Figure 51 (i) shows the case where a short tee is connected close to another terminal. In this case, zone 1 elements set to 80% of the shortest relative feeder length do not overlap. This leaves a section not covered by any zone 1 element.
  • Page 230 Application Notes (AP) 5-78 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The major disadvantage of blocking schemes is highlighted in Figure 51 (iii) where fault current is outfeed from a terminal for an internal fault condition. relay 'C' sees a reverse fault condition.
  • Page 231 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-79 Figure 53: logic of the distance protection by zones Where: Unblock PS Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Zp or Zq: Unblocking of Zone 1 (Z1), Z2, Z3, Z4, Zp or Zq during a power swing (‘Power swing / Blocking zone’...
  • Page 232 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-80 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.5.1.2 Unblocking / blocking logic with power swing or reversal guard For double circuit lines, the fault current direction can change in one circuit when circuit breakers open sequentially to clear the fault on the parallel circuit. The change in current direction causes the overreaching distance elements to see the fault in the opposite direction to the direction in which the fault was initially detected.
  • Page 233 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-81 Figure 55: Current reversal in double circuit lines zones blocking / unblocking with power swing or reversal guard During the reversal guard logic (in the case of parallel lines with overreaching teleprotection scheme - Z1x>ZL), the reverse direction decision is latched (until that timer is elapsed) from...
  • Page 234 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-82 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.5.1.3 Zone 1 extended The following trip logic represents the zone 1 extended logic: Figure 56: Zone 1 extended (Z1X) trip logic Z1X can be used as well as the default scheme logic in case of UNB _Alarm-carrier out of service (See unblocking logic –...
  • Page 235 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-83 Figure 57: Loss of load trip logic Where: Description Underreach scheme: Z1 < ZL: Permissive PZ1, PZ2, PFwd, None underreach Z1, Z2 or forward None: no distance scheme (basic scheme) Z1<ZL...
  • Page 236 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-84 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.5.3 Trip logic and Zone 1 extension logic The following trip logic completes the distance protection by zone: Figure 58: Trip and Z1X trip logic Z1X can be used as well as the default scheme logic in case of UNB _Alarm-carrier out of service (See unblocking logic –...
  • Page 237 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-85 2. The inputs Z1X must be polarised for activating Z1X the logic. 3 For the 1P – 3P trip logic check in the Tripping logic section. Accronyms used in the previous equation: •...
  • Page 238 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-86 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 APPLICATION OF INDIVIDUAL PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Power Swing detection and blocking (PSB) Power swings are caused by a lack of stability in the network with sudden load fluctuations. A power swing may cause the two sources connected by the protected line to go out of step (loss of synchronism) with each other.
  • Page 239 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-87 • The three impedance points have been in the power swing band for more than 5ms. • At least two poles of the breaker are closed (impedance measurement possible on two phases).
  • Page 240 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-88 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 For instance: If Delta R and DeltaX selected are around 1 ohm (Delta X=1ohm, Delta R=2 ohms as it is the full loop), From section 3.4.1.12 Power Swing Band: ∆R = 0.032 ×...
  • Page 241 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-89 locations on the power system can be designed as split points, where circuit breakers will trip 3 phase in to stabilize. Power swing blocking is automatically removed after “unblocking delay”.
  • Page 242 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-90 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 4.1.6 What loop is faulty? The delta quantity calculated by delta exaggerated algorithm is used to determine which loop is chosen. The identified faulty loop will lead to a trip in case of the power swing blocking is unblocked.
  • Page 243 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-91 Figure 61: Power swing detection & unblocking logic...
  • Page 244 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-92 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Load blinding (load avoidance) Load blinders are provided for both phase and ground fault distance elements, to prevent misoperation (mal-tripping) for heavy load flow. The purpose is to configure a blinder envelope which surrounds the expected worst case load limits, and to block tripping for any impedance measured within the blinded region.
  • Page 245 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-93 The start-up of the high-speed algorithms are confirmed Under such circumstances, the low voltage could not be explained by normal voltage excursion tolerances on-load. A fault is definitely present on the phase in question, and it is acceptable to override the blinder action and allow the distance zones to trip according to the entire zone shape.
  • Page 246 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-94 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Directional and non-directional overcurrent protection 4.3.1 Inverse time characteristics The inverse time-delay characteristics listed above comply with the following formula:     t = T × ...
  • Page 247 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-95 The timer hold facility can be found for the first and second overcurrent stages as settings I>1 tRESET and I>2 tRESET. Note that these cells are not visible if an inverse time reset characteristic has been selected, as the reset time is then determined by the programmed time dial setting.
  • Page 248 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-96 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 I phase I 1> Trip I 2> No trip tI1> tI2> P0483ENa Figure 65: Tripping logic for phase overcurrent protection I>3 Highset Overcurrent and Switch on to Fault Protection The I>3 overcurrent element of the P442 and P444 relays can be Enabled as an...
  • Page 249 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-97 I>4 Element: Stub Bus Protection Busbar 1 V = 0 Protection's blocking using VTs I > 0 Open isolator Stub Bus Protection : I >4 Stub Bus Protection : I >4...
  • Page 250 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-98 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • Earth fault elements • Broken conductor elements • Negative phase sequence influenced thermal elements 4.4.2 Directionalising the Negative Phase Sequence Overcurrent Element Directionality is achieved by comparison of the angle between the negative phase sequence voltage and the negative phase sequence current and the element may be selected to operate in either the forward or reverse direction.
  • Page 251 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-99 Selective fault clearance of the protection for forward faults is provided by the power measurement combined with a time-delay inversely proportional to the measured power. This protection function does not issue any trip command for reverse faults.
  • Page 252 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-100 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Another type of unbalanced fault which can occur on the system is the series or open circuit fault. These can arise from broken conductors, maloperation of single phase switchgear, or the operation of fuses.
  • Page 253 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-101 4.6.2 Setting example The following information was recorded by the relay during commissioning: • I = 1000A full load • I = 100A therefore the quiescent I2/I1 ratio is given by: •...
  • Page 254 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-102 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 CTS Block SBEF Start SBEF Overcurrent SBEF Trip IDMT/DT SBEF Trip SBEF Timer Block P0484ENa Figure 71: Logic without directionality CTS Block SBEF SBEF Start Overcurrent Slow VTS Directional...
  • Page 255 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-103 • When protecting solidly-earthed transmission systems, a -60° RCA setting should be set. 4.7.2.2 Application of Negative Sequence Polarising In certain applications, the use of residual voltage polarisation of DEF may either be not possible to achieve, or problematic.
  • Page 256 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-104 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 4.8.1.3 Phase selection The phase is selected in the same way as for distance protection except that the current threshold is reduced (I ≥ 0.05 x In and V ≥ 0.1 x Vn)
  • Page 257 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-105 Forward Startup Vr>threshold Ied threshold & & & Forward decision Reverse decision t-trans Carrier Received DE F & Blocking DEF & Single Phase T rip Single phase selection Iev threshold...
  • Page 258 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-106 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 76: PSL required to activate DEF logic with an independant channel Figure 77: PSL required to activate DEF logic with shared channel Directionnal Negative DEF Fwd Polarisation Calculation...
  • Page 259 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-107 -14° P0491EN Figure 79: Characteristic angle for aided DEF protection 4.8.3.2 Aided DEF Schemes 4.8.3.2.1 Aided DEF Permissive Overreach Scheme Figure 80: Independent channel – permissive scheme Figure 81: Shared channel – permissive scheme Figure 82 shows the element reaches.
  • Page 260 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-108 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 IN> Fwd (A) IN> Fwd (B) P3070EN Figure 82: The DEF permissive scheme The scheme has the same features/requirements as the corresponding distance scheme and provides sensitive protection for high resistance earth faults.
  • Page 261 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-109 Figure 84: Shared channel – blocking scheme Send logic: DEF Reverse Trip logic: IN> Forward, plus Channel NOT Received, with small set delay. IN> Fwd (A) IN> Rev (A) IN>...
  • Page 262 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-110 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 86: Logic diagram for the DEF blocking scheme The scheme has the same features/requirements as the corresponding distance scheme and provides sensitive protection for high resistance earth faults.
  • Page 263 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-111 4.9.1 Time constant characteristic 4.9.1.1 Single time constant characteristic This characteristic is the recommended typical setting for line and cable protection. The thermal time characteristic is given by: – Ι...
  • Page 264 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-112 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 τ1 (minutes) τ2 (minutes) Limits Oil-filled transformer Rating 400 - 1600 kVA The thermal time constants given in the above tables are typical only. Reference should always be made to the plant manufacturer for accurate information.
  • Page 265 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-113 Figure 87: Residual voltage, solidly earthed system As can be seen in the previous figure, the residual voltage measured by a relay for an earth fault on a solidly earthed system is solely depending on the ratio of source impedance behind the relay to line impedance in front of the relay, up to the point of fault.
  • Page 266 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-114 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 88: Residual voltage, resistance earthed system As shown in the figure above, a resistance earthed system will always generate a relatively large degree of residual voltage, as the zero sequence source impedance now includes the earthing impedance.
  • Page 267 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-115 4.12 Voltage protection Voltage protection contains undervoltage and overvoltage protection. Undervoltage conditions may occur on a power system for a variety of reasons, some of which are outlined below: •...
  • Page 268 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-116 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 capacity of the generators in that particular subsystem. Industrial plants that are dependent on utilities to supply part of their loads will experience underfrequency conditions when the incoming lines are lost.
  • Page 269 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-117 CBF operation can be used to backtrip upstream circuit breakers to ensure that the fault is isolated correctly. CBF operation can also reset all start output contacts, ensuring that any blocks asserted on upstream protection are removed.
  • Page 270 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-118 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Initiation CB fail timer reset mechanism (Menu selectable) External protection - Three options are available. The user can select any or all of the options. [All I< and IN< elements operate] [External trip reset] AND [All I<...
  • Page 271 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-119 circuit breaker trip coils, and is known as re-tripping. Should re-tripping fail to open the circuit breaker, a back-trip may be issued following an additional time delay. The back- trip uses ‘CB Fail 2 Timer’, which is also started at the instant of the initial protection...
  • Page 272 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-120 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Pole Live Pole Dead I< I< P0553ENa Figure 90: Algorithm for pole dead detection Description of the open pole detection algorithm: Each half cycle after the current crosses zero, the algorithm detects whether the current is higher than the I<...
  • Page 273 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-121 NON PROTECTION FUNCTIONS Circuit breaker condition monitoring Periodic maintenance of circuit breakers is necessary to ensure that the trip circuit and mechanism operate correctly and also that the interrupting capability has not been compromised due to previous fault interruptions.
  • Page 274 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-122 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.1.2.2 Setting the Number of Operations Thresholds Every operation of a circuit breaker results in some degree of wear for its components. Therefore, routine maintenance, such as oiling of mechanisms, may be based upon the number of operations.
  • Page 275 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-123 5.1.2.7 Logic diagram...
  • Page 276 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-124 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Circuit Breaker Control The relay includes the following options for control of a single circuit breaker: • Local tripping and closing, via the relay menu • Local tripping and closing, via relay opto-isolated inputs •...
  • Page 277 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-125 closure according to system check logic. If the system check criteria are not satisfied before that time-delay elapses, the relay will lockout and issue alarm. In addition, a CB Healthy information (from the CB), connected to one of the relay’s opto- isolators, will indicate the circuit breaker condition for closing availability.
  • Page 278 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-126 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.2.1 Logic Inputs / outputs used by the CB Control logic The following DDB are available for CB Control logic (see section P44x/EN PL): • Inputs:  Man. Trip CB ...
  • Page 279 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-127 5.2.1.1 General CB Control logic Figure 94: General circuit breaker control logic CT and VT ratio For each Terminal (connected to the secondary of a High voltage CT), the following values have to be known.
  • Page 280 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-128 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.3.2 VT Ratios Only 2 values have to be known and entered: 1. Phase VT Primary current (from 100 to 100 kV) given by the manufacturer. 2. Phase VT secondary current (80 or 140 V) given by the manufacturer.
  • Page 281 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-129 5.5.2 Control I/P Configuration The “CTRL I/P CONFIG” column has several functions one of which allows the user to configure the control inputs as either ‘latched’ or ‘pulsed’. A latched control input will remain in the set state until a reset command is given, either by the menu or the serial communications.
  • Page 282 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-130 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 channel isn’t seen as being a valid signal. In other words, an intertripping channel must be very secure. Permissive In permissive applications, tripping is only permitted when the command coincides with a protection operation at the receiving end.
  • Page 283 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-131 5.6.1.4 General Features & Implementation InterMiCOM provides 8 commands over a single communications link, with the mode of operation of each command being individually selectable within the “IM# Cmd Type” cell.
  • Page 284 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-132 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 “Ready To Send” is permanently tied high by the hardware since InterMiCOM requires a permanently open communication channel. Not used Not used Table 11: InterMICOM D9 port pin-out connections Depending on whether a direct or modem connection between the two relays in the scheme is being used, the required pin connections are described below.
  • Page 285 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-133 5.6.2 Functional Assignment Even though settings are made on the relay to control the mode of the intertrip signals, it is necessary to assign interMiCOM input and output signals in the relay Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) if InterMiCOM is to be successfully implemented.
  • Page 286 Application Notes (AP) 5-134 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 a valid message are quite small. In this case, it is recommended that the “IM# Fallback Mode” is set to “Default” with a minimum “IM# FrameSyncTim” setting i.e. whenever a non- valid message is received, InterMiCOM will use the set default value.
  • Page 287 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-135 Figure 98: Connections for external loopback mode Once the relay is switched into either of the Loopback modes, a test pattern can be entered in the “Test Pattern” cell which is then transmitted through the software and/or hardware.
  • Page 288 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-136 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 specifically provided to allow the locking of a function key therefore preventing further activation of the key on consequent key presses. This allows function keys that are set to ‘Toggled’...
  • Page 289 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-137 5.8.1 Voltage transformer supervision (VTS) – Main VT for minZ measurement 5.8.1.1 VTS description The voltage transformer supervision (VTS) feature is used to detect failure of the analog ac voltage inputs to the relay.
  • Page 290 Application Notes (AP) 5-138 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 gives operation for the loss of one or two phase voltages. Stability of the VTS function is assured during system fault conditions, by the presence of I0 and/or I2 current. Also, VTS operation is blocked (and distance element unblocked) when any phase current exceeds 2.5 ×...
  • Page 291 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-139 Figure 100: Line energisation – superimposed current under fault condition (VT isolated) The phase voltage level detector is settable (’Threshold 3P’ setting)). The sensitivity of the superimposed current – ‘delta I>’– elements is settable and default value is set to 0.1In.
  • Page 292 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-140 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • NOT I>: The direct current is higher than a fixed threshold equal to 2,5In. • V<: All the voltages are lower than a V< threshold. • NOT ∆Ι>: The line currents’ variation are higher than “Delta I” value.
  • Page 293 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-141 Healthy Network = U AND V AND I AND CVMR AND PSWING 5.8.1.5 INPUT / OUTPUT DDBs used in the PSL: The following DDBs are associated to VTS in the PSL (see section P44x/EN PL) Inputs: •...
  • Page 294 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-142 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The residual voltage setting, CTS VN< Inhibit and the residual current setting, CTS IN> set, should be set to avoid unwanted operation during healthy system conditions. For example CTS VN< Inhibit should be set to 120% of the maximum steady state residual voltage. The CTS IN>...
  • Page 295 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-143 close signal is applied into the logic as a pulse to ensure that an operator cannot simply keep the close signal applied and wait for the system to come into synchronism. This is often referred to as guard logic and requires the close signal to be released and then re-applied if the closure is unsuccessful.
  • Page 296 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-144 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.9.2 Dead Busbar and Live Line If there is a circuit breaker and busbar at the remote end of the radial feeder mentioned above, the remote breaker might be reclosed for a dead busbar / live line condition.
  • Page 297 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-145 sample sample P0493ENa Figure 104: Frequency calculation Frequency tracking is calculated by: freq=1/((X + Nb )* T samples samples With X – b ) et X – I is the sampling period.
  • Page 298 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-146 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Trailing VLine phase VLine VBus Leading VLine phase VBus VLine P0494ENa Figure 105: Calculation of Diff. phase Phase shift = (∆T/ T) *360 ∆T = Ta + (x1-y2) A phase shift calculation requires a change of sign of both signals.
  • Page 299 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-147 5.9.5 DDBs from Check Synchronism function used in the PSL The following DDBs are associated with the the check synchronization logic in the PSL (see P44x/EN PL). Logic inputs used by the check synchronism logic: •...
  • Page 300 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-148 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Logic Diagram: Figure 107: Check sync logic description...
  • Page 301 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-149 Output assigned Check Sync SYNC AR_Force_Sync AR_Fail AReclose AR_Close AR_Cycle_1P AR_Cycle_3P Closing command with check sync & conditions verified CB Control CBC_Recl_3P CBC_No_Check_Sync P0495ENa Figure 108: Internal check synchronism and internal autoreclose logic...
  • Page 302 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-150 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.10 Autorecloser The relay autorecloser provides selectable multishot reclosure of the line circuit breaker. The standard scheme logic is configured to permit control of one circuit breaker. Autoreclosure of two circuit breakers in a 1½...
  • Page 303 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-151 Figure 111: Autoreclose timing diagram Should autoreclosure not be required, the function may be Disabled in the relay Configuration menu. Disabling the autorecloser does not prevent the use of the internal check synchronism element to supervise manual circuit breaker closing.
  • Page 304 Application Notes (AP) 5-152 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 If protection operates during the reclaim time, after the final reclose attempt, the relay will be driven to lockout and the autoreclose function will be disabled until the lockout condition is reset.
  • Page 305 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-153 • If the first fault is a single phase fault, a single pole autoreclose sequence will start, • If the first fault is a multi phase fault, the first autoreclose sequence a three pole autoreclose sequence will start.
  • Page 306 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-154 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • CB Opening + Reset time (Trip coil energised → Trip mechanism reset): 200ms (b); • Protection reset time: < 80ms (c); • CB Closing time (Close command → Contacts make): 85ms (d).
  • Page 307 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-155 Figure 115: Fault during an autoreclose cycle during (discrimination Time-delay has not expired) If the autoreclose logic detects a 3-pole trip (internal or external) on expiry of the discrimination time-delay, and during the 1P dead time; the single pole autoreclose cycle is stopped and the relay trips 3-pole and blocks the autorecloser (see Figure 116).
  • Page 308 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-156 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 117: Autoreclose inhibit window Figure 118: Autoreclose inhibit window logic The inhibit time-delay is started at the end of dead time if CB healthy is absent 5.10.1.6 Check synchronism on 3-pole reclosure The Check synchronism on 3-pole reclosure (‘C/S on 3P Rcl DT1’) setting is used to...
  • Page 309 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-157 When autoreclosure is not required for multiphase faults, DDB signals '2Ph Fault' and '3Ph Fault' can be mapped via the PSL in a logic OR combination onto input DDB: 'BAR' (Block internal AutoReclose, section 5.9.1.5).
  • Page 310 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-158 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • When “autoreclose Lockout / Block A/R” is enabled, the autoreclose does not initiate any additional A/R cycle. If the autorecloser locks out during a cycle, ‘A/R close’ is blocked.
  • Page 311 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-159 5.10.2 Logic Inputs / outputs used by the Autoreclose logic 5.10.2.1 Logic inputs used by the Autoreclose logic Contacts from external equipment (External protection or external Check Synchronism or external Autoreclose) may be used to influence the autorecloser via opto-isolated inputs.
  • Page 312 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-160 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • A/R Trip 3 P, • AR 3P In Prog., • AR Discrim, • AR Lockout Shot>, • Check Sync;OK • Control Close • Control Trip • Ctrl Cls In Prog •...
  • Page 313 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-161 Forces the Check Sync conditions to the high logic level – used for SPAR or TPAR with SYNC AR3 fast (Enabled using setting) – The signal is reset with AR reclaim In the next diagram, A/R lockout logic picks up by •...
  • Page 314 Application Notes (AP) 5-162 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The CB healthy logic is used as a negative logic (due to an inverter in the scheme – see Figure 118 inhibit window logic) but the DDB considers CB healthy as a positive logic...
  • Page 315 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-163 Figure 129: AR logic for 3p trip decision Further autoreclose cycles (cycles 2, 3 and 4) in progress (AR 234 In Prog) logic: Figure 130: Output dealayed autoreclose (for dead time 2, 3, 4) If it is assigned to an opto input in the PSL and energised, The DDB: 'Force 3P Trip' signal will force the internal single-phase protection to trip three-poles.
  • Page 316 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-164 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444  None  52A (1 or 3 opto inputs for a single pole logic)  52B (1 or 3 opto inputs)  Both 52A and 52B (2 opto inputs or 6 opto inputs)
  • Page 317 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-165 Sol6: Six opto inputs used for 52a &52b (1-pole cicuit breaker) Figure 133: Different opto inputs / CB aux schemes (cont’d) Where ‘None’ is selected no CB status will be available. This will directly affect any function within the relay that requires this signal, for example CB control, auto-reclose, etc.
  • Page 318 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-166 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1 – Coherence of 52-A/52-B long enough to raise the alarm 2 – Discrepancy of 52-A/52-B too brief to raise the alarm 3 – Pole dead logic With one opto input 52A 3 –...
  • Page 319 Application Notes P44x/EN AP/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (AP) 5-167 • CB Discrepancy: Used for internal CBA Disc issued by external (opto input) or internal detection (CB Aux) 5.11.2.2 Outputs • CB Status Alarm Picks up when CB Discrepancy status is detected after CBA timer issued externally by opto or internally by CB Aux •...
  • Page 320 P44x/EN AP/Hb6 Application Notes (AP) 5-168 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 • CBA_3P = All pole Dead • CBA_3P_C = All poles Live • ‘Any Pole Dead’= Minimum 1 Pole dead The total number of autoreclosures is shown in the “CB Condition” LCD menu under Total Reclosures.
  • Page 321 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-1 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC Date: 2017...
  • Page 322 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-2 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 323 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-3 CONTENTS PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC (PSL) Description of P442 and P444 Logic Nodes 1.1.1 Sorted by DDB number 1.1.2 Sorted by name Factory default programmable scheme logic 1.2.1 Logic input mapping 1.2.2 Relay output contact mapping 1.2.3...
  • Page 324 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-4 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 325 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-5 PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC (PSL) The Programmable Scheme Logic (PSL) is a module of programmable logic gates and timers in the IED, which can be used to create customised internal logic. This is done by combining the IED's digital inputs with internally generated digital signals using logic gates and timers, then mapping the resultant signals to the IED's digital outputs and LEDs.
  • Page 326 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source CT Fail Alarm Current transformers supervision indication: Indicates a PSL (OUT) CT Fail detected after time delay has elapsed is issued Supervision PSL (OUT) CB Fail Alarm Circuit breaker failure on any trip Breaker Fail...
  • Page 327 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-7 Ordinal English Text Description Source AR Lockout Shot> Autoreclose lockout following final programmed attempt: PSL (OUT) Indicates a failed autoreclose (definitive trip following the Autorecloser last reclosing shot). The relay will be driven to lockout and the autoreclose function will be disabled until the lockout condition has been reset.
  • Page 328 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-8 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source V3< Alarm Third undervoltage stage Alarm PSL(IN) V4< Alarm Fourth undervoltage stage Alarm PSL(IN) V3> Alarm Third overvoltage stage Alarm PSL(IN) V4> Alarm Fourth overvoltage stage Alarm PSL(IN) 217 to Unused...
  • Page 329 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-9 Ordinal English Text Description Source A/R Reclaim Internal autoreclose reclaim in progress (reclaim time PSL (OUT) timeout in progress). Autorecloser If it is assigned to an opto input in the PSL and when energised, the DDB:‘A/R Reclaim’...
  • Page 330 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-10 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source A/R TPAR Enable Three pole autorecloser (TPAR) activated: If it is PSL (OUT) assigned to an opto input in the PSL (by default, the PSL Autorecloser is inverted and linked to opto 8) and energized, the DDB:'A/R TPAR Enable' will enable the 3-pole...
  • Page 331 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-11 Ordinal English Text Description Source Check Synch. OK If linked to an opto input in a dedicated PSL and PSL (OUT) energised, it indicates that external synchronism Synchro conditions are met – This can be linked afterwards to an Check internal autoreclose logic V<...
  • Page 332 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-12 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source DIST Start C Distance protection started on phase C PSL (OUT) Set to 0: Reset of (R, X) (resistance, reactance) Distance calculation made by All pole Dead detection: –...
  • Page 333 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-13 Ordinal English Text Description Source DEF Sig. Send DEF protection schemes - Signal Send PSL (OUT) (Default PSL: Relay 05) Aided DEF Unblocking DEF channel PSL (OUT) DEF UNB CR internal Carrier Received signal (main Directional Earth Unblocking Fault unblocking signal) received.
  • Page 334 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-14 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source V>1 Start Overvoltage function 1 stage start for any phase PSl (OUT) Overvoltage PSl (OUT) V>2 Start Overvoltage function 2 stage start for any phase Overvoltage V>1 Trip Overvoltage 1...
  • Page 335 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-15 Ordinal English Text Description Source TOR Enable Trip On Reclose enable: indicates the TOR logic is PSL (OUT) activated in the relay Set to 1= 500 ms pulse initiated by: 'I A/R Reclaim' (internal) OR 'A/R reclaim' (External Input) OR Any pole open for more than 200 ms...
  • Page 336 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-16 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source Control Close Control close command from user (by internal CB PSL (OUT) control) CB control Instantaneous unconfirmed fuse failure internal PSL (OUT) VTS Fast detection.
  • Page 337 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-17 Ordinal English Text Description Source Out Of Step Conf Out of Step Confirmed (number of cycles reached) PSL (OUT) S. Swing Conf Stable Swing confirmed (number of cycles reached) PSL (OUT) Dist Start N Start of distance protection for phase to ground fault...
  • Page 338 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-18 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source V<3 Start Undervoltage stage 3 start V<4 Start Undervoltage stage 4 start V<3 Start A Undervoltage phase A stage 3 start V<3 Start B Undervoltage phase B stage 3 start V<3 Start C Undervoltage phase C stage 3 start...
  • Page 339 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-19 Ordinal English Text Description Source SBO Closed Org 4 Select Before Operate (SBO) closing function for organ 4 (interlocking facility in the IEC60870-5-103 protocol) Fault_REC_TRIG Trigger for Fault Recorder Battery Fail Alarm battery fail PSL(OUT)
  • Page 340 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-20 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source LED 2 Hardware version J - Programmable LED n° 2 is energized. Hardware version K - Programmable Red LED n° 2 is LED 2 Red energized ANY TRIP B in the default PSL LED 3...
  • Page 341 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-21 Ordinal English Text Description Source LED Cond IN 4 Hardware version J - Assignment of signal to drive output Function Key LED 4 LED 11 Red Hardware version K - Programmable Red LED n° 11 LED Cond IN 5 Hardware version J - Assignment of signal to drive output Function Key LED 5...
  • Page 342 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-22 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source LED 4 Grn Condit Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive output LED 4 green Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive LED 5 Red Condit output LED 5 red LED 5 Grn Condit...
  • Page 343 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-23 Ordinal English Text Description Source FnKey LED 10 Red Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive output Function Key LED 10 Red Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive FnKey LED 10 Grn output Function Key LED 10 Green 800 to...
  • Page 344 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-24 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1035 I A/R 3p In Pr. Three-pole external autoreclose cycle in progress: If it is PSL (IN) assigned to an opto input in the PSL and energised, the Autorecloser DDB:'A/R 3P in Prog' will inform the P44x about the presence of an external 3P cycle.
  • Page 345 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-25 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1043 Man. Close CB Circuit breaker manual close - order received. PSL (IN) CB Status 'If it is assigned to an opto input in the PSL and energised the DDB:'Man Close CB' signal will enable the internal 'SOTF Enable' logic without CB control activation.
  • Page 346 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-26 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1051 DIST. COS Distance scheme channel out of service / Loss of Guard PSL (IN) Un- (Carrier out of service) blocking logic DEF scheme channel out of service / Loss of Guard PSL (IN) Un- 1052 DEF.
  • Page 347 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-27 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1063 I>3 Timer Block Block phase overcurrent stage 3 time delay PSL (IN) I>3 Set to 1: 'I>3 Time Delay' will be blocked & I>3 will start but will not issue any trip command.
  • Page 348 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-28 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1079 DIST. Tim. Block Block distance element time delay PSL (IN) At 1: The distance timer will be blocked & DIST will start Distance but will not perform a Trip command.
  • Page 349 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-29 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1109 I<2 Timer Block Timer block phase undercurrent stage 2 PSL (IN) For IEC-870-5-103 protocol only, used for "Monitor 1110 103 MontorBlock Blocking" (relay is quiet - issues no messages via SCADA port) 1111 For IEC-870-5-103 protocol only, used for "Command...
  • Page 350 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-30 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1544 to Unused (except next DDBs for specific options) 2047 1672 to LN1 Analog Alarm Relays with IEC 61850 9-2 Ethernet board only 1677 (software version D5.x) LN6 Analog Alarm If two consecutive of any Logical Node frames have not...
  • Page 351 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-31 Ordinal English Text Description Source A/R 234 In Prog Further autoreclose cycles in progress: Used to PSL (OUT) indicate the autorecloser is timing out delayed Autorecloser autoreclose dead times for shots 2, 3 or 4. Where some protection elements should not initiate autoreclosure for Delayed Autoreclose (DAR) shots, the protection element operation is combined with 'A/R...
  • Page 352 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-32 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source A/R Lockout Autorecloser locked-out (no autoreclosure possible PSL (OUT) until reset), Autorecloser If protection operates during the reclaim time, after the final reclose attempt, the relay will be driven to lockout and the autoreclose function will be disabled until the lockout condition is reset.
  • Page 353 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-33 Ordinal English Text Description Source A/R SPAR Enable Single pole autorecloser (SPAR) activated: If it is PSL (OUT) assigned to an opto input in the PSL (by default PSL is Autorecloser inverted and linked to opto 8) and energized, The DDB:'A/R SPAR Enable' will enable the 1-pole...
  • Page 354 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-34 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source Any Int. Trip A Any internal protection A phase trip PSL (OUT) Default PSL: LED 1, Relay 02 All protection Any internal protection B phase trip PSL (OUT) Any Int.
  • Page 355 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-35 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1038 Block internal autoreclose: Block Autoreclose (via an PSL (IN) opto input or in the PSL). Autorecloser The DDB:'BAR' input will block the autoreclosure and lockout the autoreclose if a cycle is in progress.
  • Page 356 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-36 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1040 CB Healthy Circuit breaker operational (gas pressure, mechanical PSL (IN) CB state) STATUS Must be at 1 inside the time window (setting: group1/ Autoreclose mode/ AR Inhibit Wind) during an AR cycle ('A/R close' and 'A/R Reclaim' pick up when 'CB healthy' is detected during the 'A/R Inhibit Wind' time-...
  • Page 357 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-37 Ordinal English Text Description Source CT Fail Alarm Current transformers supervision indication: Indicates a PSL (OUT) CT Fail detected after time delay has elapsed is issued Supervision Manual (control) close in progress - using CB control PSL (OUT) Ctrl Cls In Prog (time-delay manual closing delay in progress).
  • Page 358 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-38 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source DIST Fwd No Filt Distance protection: Forward fault detected not filtered PSL (OUT) (Directional Forward decision made by Distance logic Distance without any filter by Distance Start or Zone: Picks up faster than Dist Fwd) DIST Rev Distance protection: Reverse fault detected (default...
  • Page 359 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-39 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1079 DIST. Tim. Block Block distance element time delay PSL (IN) At 1: The distance timer will be blocked & DIST will Distance start but will not perform a Trip command. Reset to 0: Opto input power off if signal assigned to an opto input OR DDB at 0 if signal assigned to a DDB cell...
  • Page 360 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-40 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source F<4 Trip Underfrequency stage 4 trip F>1 Start Overfrequency stage 1 start 1104 F>1 Timer Block Timer block overfrequency stage 1 PSL (IN) F>1 Trip Overfrequency stage 1 trip F>2 Start Overfrequency stage 2 start...
  • Page 361 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-41 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1042 Force 3P Trip Three pole tripping only: If it is assigned to an opto PSL (IN) input in the PSL and energised, the DDB:'Force 3P Trip' signal will force the internal single-phase protection to trip three-poles (external order from Main1 to Main2 (P44x)) –...
  • Page 362 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-42 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source I>1 Start Overcurrent stage 1 start PSL (OUT) Directional or not - with DT or IDMT curves Phase Overc. Directional managed by Delta Algorithms VTS Block time-delay facility 1061 I>1 Timer Block...
  • Page 363 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-43 Ordinal English Text Description Source I2>2 Trip Negative overcurrent stage 2 trip I2>3 Start Negative overcurrent stage 3 pick-up 1067 I2>3 Timer Block Block negative sequence overcurrent stage 3 time PSL (IN) I>6 delay I2>3 Trip...
  • Page 364 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-44 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source InterMiCOM in 1 InterMiCOM IM1 Signal Input - is driven by a message from the remote line end 577 to InterMiCOM in 2 to InterMiCOM IM2 Signal Input to InterMiCOM in 8 InterMiCOM IM8 Signal Input...
  • Page 365 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-45 Ordinal English Text Description Source LED 3 Grn Hardware version K - Programmable Green LED n° 3 ANY TRIP C in the default PSL Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive LED 3 Grn Condit output LED 3 green LED 3 Red...
  • Page 366 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-46 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source LED 8 Red Condit Hardware version K - Assignment of signal to drive output LED 8 red LED 9 Grn Hardware version K - Programmable Green LED n° 9 LED 9 Red Hardware version K - Programmable Red LED n°...
  • Page 367 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-47 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1043 Man. Close CB Circuit breaker manual close - order received. PSL (IN) CB Status 'If it is assigned to an opto input in the PSL and energised the DDB:'Man Close CB' signal will enable the internal 'SOTF Enable' logic without CB control activation.
  • Page 368 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-48 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source Opto Label 01 OPTO ISOLATOR 1 OPTO Set to 1 when the opto input is energised for a minimum time: 7ms (48Vdc), 10ms (universal) to be validated by internal logic To enable the selection of a setting group by state change of the opto isolated logic inputs 1 and 2,...
  • Page 369 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-49 Ordinal English Text Description Source 0 to 63 Relay Label 01 to OUTPUT RELAY 1 to RELAY Relay Label 64 OUTPUT RELAY 64 High level when a DDB cell (linked by PSL logic) is at 1.
  • Page 370 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-50 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1125 SBO DPI2 Org3 SBO support for IEC 61850-8-1 function SBO Double Point Information 2 Organe 3 SBO support for IEC61850-8-1 function SBO Double 1129 SBO DPI2 Org4 Point Information 2 Organe 4...
  • Page 371 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-51 Ordinal English Text Description Source Distance time-delay in zone 2 tZ2 elapsed (1 = end of PSL (OUT) timer) Distance 1095 T2 Timer Block Timer block T2 input Distance time-delay in zone 3 tZ3elapsed (1 = end of PSL (OUT) timer) Distance...
  • Page 372 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-52 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source Timer in zone Q elapsed (at 1 = end of timer) 1097 TZq Timer Block Timer block TZq input 1084 User Trip A Internal input for trip logic A PSL (IN) Trip Set to 1: Trip A Internal input managed with the Logic...
  • Page 373 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-53 Ordinal English Text Description Source V<3 Start A Undervoltage phase A stage 3 start V<3 Start B Undervoltage phase B stage 3 start V<3 Start C Undervoltage phase C stage 3 start 1071 V<3 Timer Block Block phase undervoltage stage 3 time delay...
  • Page 374 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-54 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source 1074 V>2 Timer Block Block phase overvoltage stage 2 time delay PSL (IN) V>2 Set to 1: 'V>2 Time Delay' will be blocked and V>2 will start but will not issue any trip command.
  • Page 375 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-55 Ordinal English Text Description Source VT Fail Alarm Fuse failure indication (VT alarm). High when the opto PSL (OUT) input is energised (copy of MCB) OR an internal Fuse Failure is confirmed when the VTS timer elapses.
  • Page 376 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-56 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Ordinal English Text Description Source LBlinder DetectBN Load Blinder Detection in Loop BN: Cell at 1 indicates PSL (OUT) the Impedance is located within the BN loop Load Distance Blinder Region.
  • Page 377 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-57 Opto Input P442 Relay P444 Relay N° Not allocated Not allocated Not allocated Not allocated 1.2.2 Relay output contact mapping The default mappings and conditioning for each of the relay output contacts are shown in the following table (PSL are equivalent for P442/444): Relay Contact...
  • Page 378 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-58 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Relay Contact P442 Relay P444 Relay N° Not allocated Note: When 3-pole tripping mode is selected in the menu ‘Distance Schemes / Trip mode’, all the relay contacts connected to a trip (trip A, trip B, trip C, and Any Trip) close simultaneously.
  • Page 379 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-59 1.2.3 Programmable LED output mapping The default mappings for each of the programmable LEDs are as shown in the following table: P442 Relay P444 Relay Any Trip A Any Trip A Any Trip B Any Trip B Any Trip C...
  • Page 380 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-60 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM PX40 IEC 61850 IED CONFIGURATOR IEC 61850 is a substation communications standard. It standardizes the way data is transferred to and from IEC 61850 compliant IEDs, making the communication independent of the manufacturer.
  • Page 381 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-61 GOOSE EDITOR Using the GOOSE Editor you can edit the UCA2 GOOSE settings for a MiCOM Px4x series IED. You can also map GOOOSE inputs and outputs to the DDB signals of an IED. The GOOSE Editor can extract settings from and send settings to an IED using a Courier port on the IED.
  • Page 382 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-62 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 DEFAULT PROGRAMMABLE SCHEME LOGIC (PSL) Example: MiCOM P444 with 46 outputs Input-Opto Couplers DEF. Chan Recv DDB #1050 Opto Label 01 DIST. Chan Recv DDB #064 DDB #1049 DIST. COS DDB #1051 Opto Label 02 DEF.
  • Page 383 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-63 Output Contact Trip Z1 DDB #255 & Relay Label 01 Straight DDB #000 DIST Trip A DDB #246 DIST Trip B DDB #247 Dist Aided Trip DIST Trip C DDB #248 &...
  • Page 384 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-64 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 Output Contact General Start Any Start Relay Label 06 Straight DDB #317 DDB #005 General Start Dwell LED 4 Red DDB #646 Latching LED 4 Grn DDB #647 Starting Fault Recorder Fault_REC_TRIG Any Trip DDB #468...
  • Page 385 Programmable Logic P44x/EN PL/Hb6 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444 (PL) 6-65 Leds Front Panel Trip A Any Trip A LED 1 Red DDB #325 DDB #640 Latching LED 1 Grn DDB #641 Trip B Any Trip B LED 2 Red DDB #326 DDB #642 Latching...
  • Page 386 P44x/EN PL/Hb6 Programmable Logic (PL) 6-66 MiCOM 40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 387 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-1 MEASUREMENTS AND RECORDING Date: 2017...
  • Page 388 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 389 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-3 CONTENTS MEASUREMENTS AND RECORDING Introductions Event and fault recorder 1.2.1 Event Recorder (“View records” menu) 1.2.2 Change of state of opto-isolated inputs. 1.2.3 Change of state of one or more output relay contacts.
  • Page 390 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-4 MiCOM P442 & P444...
  • Page 391 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-5 MEASUREMENTS AND RECORDING Introductions The MiCOM P442 and P444 are equipped with integral measurements, event, fault and disturbance recording facilities suitable for analysis of complex system disturbances. The relay is flexible enough to allow for the programming of these facilities to specific user application requirements and are discussed below.
  • Page 392 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-6 MiCOM P442 & P444 VIEW RECORDS LCD Reference Description Earth Fault Start IN>1, Start IN>2, Start IN>3 or Start IN>4 Earth Fault Trip IN>1, Trip IN>2, Trip IN>3 or Trip IN>4 Aided DEF DEF>...
  • Page 393 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-7 VIEW RECORDS LCD Reference Description Fault Location When calculated the fault location can be found (distance in km or miles, impedance or percentage of line length, set in ‘MEASUREMENT SETUP’...
  • Page 394 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-8 MiCOM P442 & P444 1.2.3 Change of state of one or more output relay contacts. If one or more of the output relay contacts has changed state since the last time that the protection algorithm ran, then the new status is logged as an event.
  • Page 395 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-9 Alarm Event Text Explanation Bit 21 SG-opto Invalid Setting group via optos invalid Bit 22 A/R No Checksync CB Fail to A/R Bit 23 V<1 Alarm Bit 24 V<2 Alarm...
  • Page 396 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-10 MiCOM P442 & P444 Text Explanation LCD Failure LCD Failure Watchdog 1 Fail Watchdog 1 Failure (Fast) Watchdog 2 Fail Watchdog 2 Failure (Slow) Field Volt Fail Field Voltage Failure FlashEEPROM Fail Flash EPROM Failure EEPROM Fail EEPROM Failure Cal EEPROM Fail...
  • Page 397 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-11 Event Type: Fault record Monday 03 November 2010 15:33:11 GMT Logic Inputs 00000000 MiCOM Model Number: P442 Address: 001 Column: 00 Row: 20 Event Type: Logic input changed state...
  • Page 398 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-12 MiCOM P442 & P444 Disturbance recorder The integral disturbance recorder (“Disturb recorder” menu, P44x/EN ST) has an area of memory specifically set aside for record storage. The number of records that may be stored is dependent upon the selected recording duration but the relays typically have the capability of storing a minimum of 20 records, each of 10.5 second duration.
  • Page 399 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-13 Figure 2 - Fault Location information included in an event:...
  • Page 400 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-14 MiCOM P442 & P444 MEASUREMENTS The relay produces a variety of both directly measured and calculated system quantities. These measurement values are updated on a per second basis and can be viewed in the “Measurements”...
  • Page 401 Measurements and Recording P44x/EN MR/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MR) 7-15 P442 P444 MEASUREMENTS 1 ∗ ∗ VCN Phase Angle ∗ ∗ VN Magnitude ∗ ∗ VN Angle ∗ ∗ V1 Magnitude ∗ ∗ V2 Magnitude ∗ ∗ V0 Magnitude ∗...
  • Page 402 P44x/EN MR/Hb6 Measurements and Recording (MR) 7-16 MiCOM P442 & P444 P442 P444 MEASUREMENTS 3 ∗ ∗ Thermal Status ∗ ∗ Reset Thermal...
  • Page 403 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-1 FIRMWARE DESIGN Date: 2017...
  • Page 404 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 405 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-3 CONTENTS RELAY SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hardware overview 1.1.1 Power supply module 1.1.2 Main processor board 1.1.3 Co-processor board 1.1.4 Input module 1.1.5 Input and output boards 1.1.6 IRIG-B modulated or unmodulated board 1.1.7...
  • Page 406 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.3.3 Database interface Protection and control software 3.4.1 Overview - protection and control scheduling 3.4.2 Signal processing 3.4.3 Programmable scheme logic 3.4.4 Event and Fault Recording 3.4.5 Disturbance recorder 3.4.6...
  • Page 407 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-5 RELAY SYSTEM OVERVIEW Hardware overview The relay hardware is based on a modular design whereby the relay is made up of several modules which are drawn from a standard range. Some modules are essential while others are optional depending on the user’s requirements.
  • Page 408 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Present values CPU code & data, Alarm, event, fault, Default settings & of all setting disturbance & parameters, language text, settings database data maintenance record software code Battery Flash SRAM E²PROM...
  • Page 409 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-7 1.1.7 Second rear comms and InterMiCOM board (optional) The optional second rear port is designed typically for dial-up modem access by protection engineers/operators, when the main port is reserved for SCADA traffic. It is denoted “SK4”.
  • Page 410 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 volatile flash EPROM memory at power-on, and provides driver software for the user interface via the LCD and keypad, and via the serial communication ports. The system services software provides an interface layer between the control of the relay’s hardware and the rest of the relay software.
  • Page 411 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-9 HARDWARE MODULES The relay is based on a modular hardware design where each module performs a separate function within the relay operation. This section describes the functional operation of the various hardware modules.
  • Page 412 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Input module The input module provides the interface between the relay processor board and the analogue and digital signals coming into the relay. The input module consists of two PCBs;...
  • Page 413 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-11 Up to 5 current inputs 3/4 voltage inputs Transformer board Input board 16:1 Multiplexer Parallel bus P3027ENa Figure 2 - Main Input Board The other function of the input board is to read the state of the signals present on the digital inputs and present this to the parallel data bus for processing.
  • Page 414 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Nominal Standard 60% - 80% 50% - 70% battery voltage No Operation Operation No Operation Operation (Vdc) (logic 0) Vdc (logic 1) Vdc (logic 0) Vdc (logic 1) Vdc 24 / 27 <16.2...
  • Page 415 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-13 2.5.2 Output relay board (standard) The output relay board holds seven relays, three with normally open contacts and four with changeover contacts. The relays are driven from the 22 V power supply line. The relays’...
  • Page 416 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 The IRIG-B board can also be specified with a fibre optic transmitter/receiver which can be used for the rear communication port instead of the RS485 electrical connection (IEC60870 only) and with the second rear communication board (see next section).
  • Page 417 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-15 For all copper based network connections an RJ45 style connector is supported. 10 Mbit/s fibre network connections use an ST style connector while 100 Mbit/s connections use the SC style fibre connection. An extra processor, a Motorola PPC, and memory block is fitted to the Ethernet card that is responsible for running all the network related functions such as TCP/IP/OSI as supplied by VxWorks and the UCA2/MMS server as supplied by Sisco inc.
  • Page 418 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 RELAY SOFTWARE The relay software was introduced in the overview of the relay at the start of this section. The software can be considered to be made up of four sections: •...
  • Page 419 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-17 Platform software The platform software has three main functions: • To control the logging of records that are generated by the protection software, including alarms and event, fault, and maintenance records.
  • Page 420 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.4.1 Overview - protection and control scheduling After initialisation at start-up, the protection and control task is suspended until there are sufficient samples available for it to process. The acquisition of samples is controlled by a ‘sampling function’...
  • Page 421 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-19 3.4.3 Programmable scheme logic The purpose of the programmable scheme logic (PSL) is to allow the relay user to configure an individual protection scheme to suit their own particular application. This is achieved through the use of programmable logic gates and delay timers.
  • Page 422 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 SELF TESTING & DIAGNOSTICS The relay includes a number of self-monitoring functions to check the operation of its hardware and software when it is in service. These are included so that if an error or fault occurs within the relay’s hardware or software, the relay is able to detect and report the...
  • Page 423 Firmware Design P44x/EN FD/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (FD) 8-21 4.1.3 Platform software initialisation & monitoring In starting the platform software, the relay checks the integrity of the data held in E2PROM with a checksum, the operation of the real-time clock, and the IRIG-B board if fitted. The final test that is made concerns the input and output of data;...
  • Page 424 P44x/EN FD/Hb6 Firmware Design (FD) 8-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 425 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-1 COMMISSIONING Date: 2017...
  • Page 426 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 427 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION SETTING FAMILIARISATION EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR COMMISSIONING Minimum Equipment Required Optional Equipment PRODUCT CHECKS With the Relay De-energised 4.1.1 Visual Inspection 4.1.2 Current Transformer Shorting Contacts 4.1.3 External Wiring 4.1.4...
  • Page 428 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ON-LOAD CHECKS Voltage Connections Current Connections FINAL CHECKS...
  • Page 429 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-5 INTRODUCTION The MiCOM P44x distance protection relays are fully numerical in their design, implementing all protection and non-protection functions in software. The relays employ a high degree of self-checking and, in the unlikely event of a failure, will give an alarm. As a result of this, the commissioning tests do not need to be as extensive as with non-numerical electronic or electro-mechanical relays.
  • Page 430 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 SETTING FAMILIARISATION When commissioning a MiCOM P44x relay for the first time, allow enough time to become familiar with the method the settings are applied. With the secondary front cover in place all keys except the [Enter] key are accessible. All menu cells can be read.
  • Page 431 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-7 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR COMMISSIONING Minimum Equipment Required Overcurrent test set with interval timer 110 V ac voltage supply (if stage 1 of the overcurrent function is set directional) Multimeter with suitable ac current range, and ac and dc voltage ranges of 0-440 V and...
  • Page 432 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 PRODUCT CHECKS These product checks cover all aspects of the relay that need to be checked to ensure that it has not been physically damaged prior to commissioning, is functioning correctly and all input quantity measurements are within the stated tolerances.
  • Page 433 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-9 4.1.1 Visual Inspection Carefully examine the relay to see that no physical damage has occurred since installation. The rating information given under the top access cover on the front of the relay should be checked to ensure it is correct for the particular installation.
  • Page 434 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Heavy duty terminal block Medium duty terminal block P3004ENa Figure 1: Location of Securing Screws for Terminal Blocks Shorting contact between terminals Current Input 1A CT’s 5A CT’s C3-C2 C1-C2...
  • Page 435 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-11 The main groups of relay terminals are: • Voltage transformer circuits. • Current transformer circuits • Auxiliary voltage supply. • Field voltage output and opto-isolated control inputs. • Relay contacts.
  • Page 436 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 4.2.1 Watchdog Contacts Using a continuity tester, check the watchdog contacts are in the states given in Table 3 for an energized relay. 4.2.2 Date and Time The date and time should now be set to the correct values. The method of setting will depend on whether accuracy is being maintained via the optional Inter-Range Instrumentation Group standard B (IRIG-B) port on the rear of the relay.
  • Page 437 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-13 The alarm and out of service LEDs can be tested using the COMMISSIONING TESTS menu column. Set cell [0F0E: COMMISSIONING TESTS, Test Mode] to ‘Enabled’. Check that the alarm and out of service LEDs illuminate.
  • Page 438 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Apply field voltage to terminals P442 P444 Opto input 8 Opto input 9 Opto input 10 Opto input 11 Opto input 12 Opto input 13 Opto input 14 Opto input 15...
  • Page 439 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-15 Relay 4 H7-H9 H8-H9 Relay 15 F1-F2 Relay 5 H10-H12 H11-H12 Relay 16 F3-F4 Relay 6 H13-H15 H14-H15 Relay 17 F5-F6 Relay 7 H16-H18 H17-H18 Relay 18 F7-F9 F8-F9 Relay 8...
  • Page 440 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay 3 M5-M6 HB relay 20 J15(–)-J16(+) Relay 4 M7-M8 Relay 21 H1-H2 Relay 5 M9-M10 Relay 22 H3-H4 Relay 6 M11-M12 Relay 23 H5-H6 Relay 7 M13-M15 M14-M15 Relay 24...
  • Page 441 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-17 4.2.9.2 Modbus Communications Connect a portable PC running the appropriate Modbus Master Station software to the relay’s RS485 port via a RS485 to RS232 interface converter. The terminal numbers for the relay’s RS485 port are given in Table 7.
  • Page 442 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 0A0B:MComp/CT Primary [022F: IM Mutual Current Mag] or [0209: IN Mag] 0A0C:MComp CT Sec'y Table 9 - CT Ratio Settings 4.2.11 Voltage Inputs This test verifies that the accuracy of voltage measurement is within the acceptable tolerances.
  • Page 443 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-19 SETTING CHECKS The setting checks ensure that all of the application-specific relay settings (i.e. both the relay’s function and programmable scheme logic settings) for the particular installation have been correctly applied to the relay.
  • Page 444 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Demonstrate Correct Distance Function Operation 5.3.1 Functional Tests: Start control & Distance characteristic limits Despite of working in 100% numerical technology some tests could be performed in order to check that the relay has the right characteristics; regarding the different choices for functions and settings (protection (with MiCOM S1 Agile / settings &...
  • Page 445 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-21 Note 1: Check the measurement reference (ref. angle of phase shift) in: "Measurt set up/Measurement ref." (VA by default). Monitoring can also be selected to poll the network parameters (I/U/P/Q/f…)
  • Page 446 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 3: Measurement 1/LCD menu...
  • Page 447 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-23 Check the polarisation of the protection: inject a three-phase symmetrical load according to the following table: 20° Currents -100° +140° TEST 2 57 V 0° Voltages 57 V -120° 57 V +120°...
  • Page 448 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MEASURE'T SETUP Default Display Default Display Measurement Ref Description Description Default Display Measurement Ref Measurement Ref Date and Time Default Display Measurement Ref P - P Default Display Measurement Ref...
  • Page 449 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-25 5.3.1.2 Default simulation principle To simulate a single-phase fault The distance protection detects a single-phase default in E if the impedance and phase of this point place it inside the characteristic. The relation between the impedance and phase and the injected voltage and current is as follows: •...
  • Page 450 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 8: Example of Z-graph screen (Rio format can be created as well) Figure 9: Evolving impedance from the load area to the final fault impedance in Zone1 To simulate a fault in a zone, it is necessary to vary the current progressively to move the point from the load area into the desired zone.
  • Page 451 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-27 Figure 10: Single characteristic with P forward zone Z1, Z2, Z3, Zp, Z4 : limits of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4 R1G, R2G, R3G, RpG : resistance limits of zone 1, 2, 3, p, 4 for single-phase fault.
  • Page 452 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-28 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 In the characteristic above, the parts marked A, B and C are intersections between several zones. • The surface A is considered as being in zone 1. • The surface B is not a part of the characteristic (no start element).
  • Page 453 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-29 αβ Fault simulation = 2 x Zd + Rfault Where: Uαβ : phase-to-phase fault voltage : fault current ϕ1 : fault angle Rfault = R loop For a three-phase fault:...
  • Page 454 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-30 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.3.1.3 Check and test of the starting characteristics In this part – tests are described with the default parameters Open the MiCOM characteristics file If no changes have been made, the following values are...
  • Page 455 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-31 LED 8 Latching DDB #069 DDB #191 LED 7 Latching DDB #070 DDB #193 Non- LED 8 Latching DDB #071 DDB #198 P3018ENa Figure 13: If the LEDs are latched, the reset latch could be enabled by a dedicated PSL, to avoid...
  • Page 456 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-32 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Test point I,V phase shift Tripping time B:Bi M:mono (I is behind V) R1 B 0° R1 M 0° R2 B 0° R2 M 0° Rp B 0° Rp M 0°...
  • Page 457 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-33 If Z3 is disabled, the resistance limits R3-R4 are no longer visible in MiCOM S1 Agile. Note: All other characteristic points can be tested after calculating the impedance and the phase shift between U and I.
  • Page 458 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-34 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 18: Example: ABC-limZ4 (Reverse) VAN/IAN = Zf=Rf=20 V/0,500 mA=40 Ω=Lim Z4 with angle(VAN/IAN)=70°-180°=-110° Note: Simulator use can generate transients greater than 0.2 In on currents where the generation of a fault condition can induce errors about the directional calculation with "Delta"...
  • Page 459 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-35 5.3.2 Distance scheme test (if activated in MiCOM S1 Agile) 5.3.2.1 Control • The type of distance scheme enabled in MiCOM S1 Agile • The DDB cells assigned for the distance scheme •...
  • Page 460 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-36 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 5.3.3 Loss of guard/loss of carrier test Setting: TEST: Follow the truth table (section P44x/EN AP) Note: In case of channel-aided loss, the scheme Z1X (out fail) will be applied if selected in MiCOM S1 Agile 5.3.4...
  • Page 461 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-37 Put into service the weak infeed mode (single-pole possible); 1. Inhibit tripping authorisation and phase selection. 2. Enable the carrier receive input. 3. Check that:  the channel-aided scheme transmission signal is enabled;...
  • Page 462 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-38 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Signal repercussions: The signal (VT fail alarm) drops off if: MCB/VTS Line VTS Fast DDB #101 DDB #263 VT Fail Alarm MCB/VTS Bus DDB #100 DDB #132 P3022ENa Fuse_Failure = 0...
  • Page 463 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-39 If cell [351D: GROUP 1 OVERCURRENT, VCO Status] is set to ‘Enabled’ (overcurrent function configured for voltage controlled overcurrent operation) or [3502: GROUP 1 OVERCURRENT, I>1 Direction] has been set to ‘Directional Fwd’ or ‘Directional Rev’ then rated voltage should be applied to terminals C19 and C22.
  • Page 464 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-40 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Check that all output relays used for circuit breaker tripping and closing, blocking other devices, etc. operate at the correct times during the trip/close cycle.
  • Page 465 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-41 ON-LOAD CHECKS Remove all test leads and temporary shorting leads, and replace any external wiring that has been removed to allow testing. If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the relay in order to perform any of the foregoing tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
  • Page 466 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-42 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Current Connections Measure the current transformer secondary values for each using a multimeter connected in series with the corresponding relay current input. Check that the current transformer polarities are correct by measuring the phase angle...
  • Page 467 Commissioning P44x/EN CM/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CM) 9-43 FINAL CHECKS The tests are now complete. Remove all test or temporary shorting leads, etc. If it has been necessary to disconnect any of the external wiring from the relay in order to perform the wiring verification tests, it should be ensured that all connections are replaced in accordance with the relevant external connection or scheme diagram.
  • Page 468 P44x/EN CM/Hb6 Commissioning (CM) 9-44 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 469 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-1 MAINTENANCE Date: 2017...
  • Page 470 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 471 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-3 CONTENTS MAINTENANCE Maintenance Period Maintenance Checks 1.2.1 Alarms 1.2.2 Opto-isolators 1.2.3 Output Relays 1.2.4 Measurement accuracy Method of Repair 1.3.1 Replacing the Complete Relay 1.3.2 Replacing a PCB Recalibration Changing the battery 1.5.1...
  • Page 472 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 473 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-5 MAINTENANCE Maintenance Period It is recommended that products supplied by General Electric receive regular monitoring after installation. As with all products some deterioration with time is inevitable. In view of the critical nature of protective relays and their infrequent operation, it is desirable to confirm that they are operating correctly at regular intervals.
  • Page 474 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Method of Repair If the relay should develop a fault while in service, depending on the nature of the fault, the watchdog contacts will change state and an alarm condition will be flagged. Due to the extensive use of surface-mount components faulty PCBs must be replaced as it is not possible to perform repairs on damaged circuits.
  • Page 475 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-7 Without exerting excessive force or damaging the scheme wiring, pull the terminal blocks away from their internal connectors. Remove the screws used to fasten the relay to the panel, rack, etc. These are the screws with the larger diameter heads that are accessible when the access covers are fitted and open.
  • Page 476 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 P442 P444 Figure 2 - P44x PCB/Module Locations (Viewed from front) The PCBs within the relay are now accessible, Figure 2 show the PCB locations for the distance relays in size 60TE (P442).
  • Page 477 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-9 Part Number P442 P444 Main processor and user interface board ZN0006-001 Co-processor board ZN0003 003 Power Supply Board (24/54V dc) ZN0001 001 (48/125V dc) ZN0001 002 (110/250V dc) ZN0001 003...
  • Page 478 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.3.2.1 Replacement of the main processor board The main processor board is located in the front panel, not within the case as with all the other PCBs. Place the front panel with the user interface face-down and remove the six screws from the metallic screen, as shown in Figure 3.
  • Page 479 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-11 1.3.2.2 Replacement of an optional (IRIG-B, Ethernet…) board To replace a faulty board, disconnect all connections at the rear of the relay. Depending on the model number of the relay, the optional board may have connections for IRIG-B signals, IEC 60870-5-103 (VDEW) communications, etc.
  • Page 480 Maintenance (MT) 10-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Refit the front panel using the reverse procedure to that given in section 1.3.2. After refitting and closing the access covers on case sizes 60TE, press on the location of the hinge- assistance T-pieces so that they click back into the front panel moulding.
  • Page 481 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-13 The replacement module can be slotted in using the reverse procedure, ensuring that it is pushed fully back on to the rear terminal blocks and the securing screws are re-fitted.
  • Page 482 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Once the relay has been reassembled after repair, it should be recommissioned in accordance with the instructions in sections 1 to 7 (inclusive) of this document. 1.3.2.5 Replacement of the relay board in the power supply module Remove and replace the relay board in the power supply module as described in 8.3.2.4...
  • Page 483 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-15 Figure 9 – Typical Opto Board Once the relay has been reassembled after repair, it should be recommissioned in accordance with the instructions in sections 1 to 7 (inclusive) of this document.
  • Page 484 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 10: Typical opto board Recalibration Recalibration is not usually required when a PCB is replaced unless it happens to be one of the two boards in the input module, the replacement of which directly affect the calibration.
  • Page 485 Maintenance P44x/EN MT/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (MT) 10-17 Ensure that the battery is securely held in its socket and that the battery terminals are making good contact with the metal terminals of the socket. Close the bottom access cover.
  • Page 486 P44x/EN MT/Hb6 Maintenance (MT) 10-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...

  • Page 487: Troubleshooting

    Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-1 TROUBLESHOOTING Date: 2017...
  • Page 488 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 489 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-3 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION INITIAL PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION POWER UP ERRORS ERROR MESSAGE/CODE ON POWER-UP OUT OF SERVICE LED ILLUMINATED ON POWER UP ERROR CODE DURING OPERATION MAL-OPERATION OF THE RELAY DURING TESTING...
  • Page 490 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 491 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-5 INTRODUCTION Before carrying out any work on the equipment, the user should be familiar with the contents of the Safety Section/Safety Guide Pxxx-SG-4L-2 or later issue, the Technical Data chapter and the ratings on the equipment rating label.
  • Page 492 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 INITIAL PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION Consult the table below to find the description that best matches the problem experienced, then consult the section referenced to perform a more detailed analysis of the problem.
  • Page 493 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-7 POWER UP ERRORS If the relay does not appear to power up then the following procedure can be used to determine whether the fault is in the external wiring, auxiliary fuse, power supply module of the relay or the relay front panel.
  • Page 494 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ERROR MESSAGE/CODE ON POWER-UP During the power-up sequence of the relay self-testing is performed as indicated by the messages displayed on the LCD. If an error is detected by the relay during these self-tests then an error message will be displayed and the power-up sequence will be halted.
  • Page 495 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-9 OUT OF SERVICE LED ILLUMINATED ON POWER UP Test Check Action Using the relay menu confirm If the setting is Enabled then disable the test whether the Commission Test/Test mode and, verify that the Out of Service LED is Mode setting is Enabled.
  • Page 496 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 ERROR CODE DURING OPERATION The relay performs continuous self-checking, if an error is detected then an error message will be displayed, a maintenance record will be logged and the relay will reset (after a 1.6 second delay).
  • Page 497 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-11 Hex Code Decimal Code Meaning 0x0C160012 202768402 The continuous self-checks have found an error in the Flash EPROM checksum. Check the Flash EPROM on the main processor board, and then try downloading a new program.
  • Page 498 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MAL-OPERATION OF THE RELAY DURING TESTING Failure of output contacts An apparent failure of the relay output contacts may be caused by the relay configuration; the following tests should be performed to identify the real cause of the failure. Note that the relay self-tests verify that the coil of the contact has been energized, an error will be displayed if there is a fault in the output relay board.
  • Page 499 Troubleshooting P44x/EN TS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (TS) 11-13 Incorrect analog signals The measurements may be configured in primary or secondary to assist. If it is suspected that the analog quantities being measured by the relay are not correct then the measurement function of the relay can be used to verify the nature of the problem.
  • Page 500 P44x/EN TS/Hb6 Troubleshooting (TS) 11-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 501 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-1 SCADA COMMUNICATIONS Date: 2017...
  • Page 502 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 503 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-3 CONTENTS SCADA COMMUNICATIONS Introduction Rear port information and connection advice – EIA(RS)485 protocols 1.2.1 Rear communication port EIA(RS)485 interface 1.2.2 Courier communication 1.2.3 MODBUS communication 1.2.4 IEC 60870-5 CS 103 communication 1.2.5...
  • Page 504 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.7.1 Password protection 3.7.2 Control and support settings 3.7.3 Protection and disturbance recorder settings Date and time format (data type G12) Power & energy measurement data formats (G29 & G125) 3.9.1...
  • Page 505 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-5 Ethernet functionality 6.7.1 Ethernet disconnection 6.7.2 Loss of power...
  • Page 506 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 FIGURES Figure 1: EIA(RS)485 Bus connection arrangements Figure 2: Remote communication connection arrangements Figure 3: Manual selection of a disturbance record Figure 4: Automatic selection of a disturbance – option 1 Figure 5: Automatic selection of a disturbance –...
  • Page 507 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-7 SCADA COMMUNICATIONS Introduction This section outlines the remote communications interfaces of the MiCOM relay. The relay supports a choice of one of five protocols via the rear communication interface, selected via the model number when ordering.
  • Page 508 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.2.1.3 Bus connections & topologies The EIA(RS)485 standard requires that each device be directly connected to the physical cable that is the communications bus. Stubs and tees are expressly forbidden, as are star topologies.
  • Page 509 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-9 It is possible to use the products field voltage output (48 V DC) to bias the bus using values of 2.2 kΩ (½W) as bias resistors instead of the 180 Ω resistors shown in the above diagram.
  • Page 510 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 2: Remote communication connection arrangements Having made the physical connection to the relay, the relay’s communication settings must be configured. To do this use the keypad and LCD user interface. In the relay menu firstly check that the ‘Comms.
  • Page 511 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-11 for the relay address, which is set with this cell. It is important that no two relays have the same Courier address. The Courier address is then used by the master station to communicate with the relay.
  • Page 512 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 1.2.4 IEC 60870-5 CS 103 communication The IEC specification IEC 60870-5-103: Telecontrol Equipment and Systems, Part 5: Transmission Protocols Section 103 defines the use of standards IEC 60870-5-1 to IEC 60870-5-5 to perform communication with protection equipment. The standard configuration for the IEC 60870-5-103 protocol is to use a twisted pair EIA(RS)485 connection over distances up to 1000m.
  • Page 513 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-13 RP2 address Since up to 32 relays can be connected to one K-bus spur, as indicated in Figure 2, it is necessary for each relay to have a unique address so that messages from the master control station are accepted by one relay only.
  • Page 514 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Working offline: Click the icon New MiCOM Configuration from an Installed ICD File. Double-click the product variant. Double-click the Communications item. Or working online: Select Device > Manage IED.
  • Page 515 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-15 COURIER INTERFACE Courier protocol K-Bus is based on EIA(RS)485 voltage levels with HDLC FM0 encoded synchronous signalling and its own frame format. The K-Bus twisted pair connection is unpolarized, whereas the EIA(RS)485 and EIA(RS)232 interfaces are polarized.
  • Page 516 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting Changes Enter Setting Mode Preload Setting Abort Setting Execute Setting Reset Menu Cell Set Value Control Commands Select Setting Group Change Device Address* Set Real Time Note: Commands indicated with a * are not supported via the front Courier port.
  • Page 517 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-17 Setting changes (See R6512, Courier User Guide - Chapter 9) There are three categories of settings within the relay database: • Control and support • Disturbance recorder • Protection settings group Setting changes made to the control and support settings are implemented immediately and stored in non-volatile memory.
  • Page 518 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 2.5.2 Event types Events will be created by the relay under the following circumstances: • Change of state of output contact • Change of state of opto input • Protection element operation •...
  • Page 519 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-19 Maintenance Record Selection (Row F0) – This cell can be used to select a maintenance record using a value between 0 and 4 and operates in a similar way to the fault record selection.
  • Page 520 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MODBUS INTERFACE The MODBUS interface is a master/slave protocol and it is defined by MODBUS.org: See www.modbus.org MODBUS Serial Protocol Reference Guide: PI-MBUS-300 Rev. E Communication link This interface also uses the rear EIA(RS)485 port (or converted fiber optic port) for communication using ‘RTU’...
  • Page 521 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-21 Code MODBUS Description MiCOM Interpretation range cannot be accessed due to password protection then all changes within the request are discarded and this error response will be returned. Note: If the start address is correct but the range includes non–implemented addresses this...
  • Page 522 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Each fault or maintenance record logged causes an event record to be created by the relay. If this event record is selected the additional registers allowing the fault or maintenance record details will also become populated.
  • Page 523 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-23 Disturbance record extraction The relay provides facilities for both manual and automatic extraction of disturbance records. The extraction mechanisms are explained below: 3.6.1 Extraction mechanism Records extracted over MODBUS from Px40 platform relays will be presented in COMTRADE format.
  • Page 524 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MODBUS Register Name Description 3x00802 of registers in data This register informs the master station of the page number of registers in the data page that are populated. 3x00803 – 3x00929...
  • Page 525 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-25 Figure 3: Manual selection of a disturbance record 3.6.2.2 Automatic extraction procedure There are two methods that can be used for automatically extracting disturbances. Option 1 is simpler and is better at extracting single disturbance records, i.e. when the disturbance recorder is polled regularly.
  • Page 526 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Figure 4: Automatic selection of a disturbance – option 1 3.6.2.4 Automatic extraction procedure – option 2 The second method used for automatic extraction is shown in the following figure. This also...
  • Page 527 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-27 Figure 5: Automatic selection of a disturbance – option 2...
  • Page 528 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-28 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 3.6.3 Extracting the disturbance data The extraction of the disturbance record, as shown in the three figures above, is a two-stage process that involves extracting the configuration file first and then the data file.
  • Page 529 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-29 Figure 7: Extracting the comtrade binary data file During the extraction of the COMTRADE files, an error may occur that will be reported on the DR Status register 3x00934. This can be caused by the relay overwriting the record being extracted or due to the master station issuing a command that is not within the bounds of the extraction procedure.
  • Page 530 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-30 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Setting changes The relay settings can be split into two categories: • Control and support settings • Disturbance record settings and protection setting groups Changes to settings within the control and support area are executed immediately. Changes to the protection setting groups or the disturbance recorder settings are stored in a temporary ‘scratchpad’...
  • Page 531 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-31 Group 3 45000 - 46999 Group 4 47000 - 48999 In addition to the basic editing of the protection setting groups, the following functions are provided: • Default values can be restored to a setting group or to all of the relay settings by writing to register 40402.
  • Page 532 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-32 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 range 0ms…99 years Since the range of the data type is only 100 years, the century must be deduced. The century is calculated as the one that will produce the nearest time value to the current date.
  • Page 533 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-33 The G28 part of the value is the truncated per unit quantity, which will be equal to 64 (40h). The multiplier is derived from the VT and CT ratios set in the relay, with the equation ((CT Primary) ×...
  • Page 534 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-34 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 IEC 60870-5-103 INTERFACE The IEC 60870-5-103 interface is a master/slave interface with the relay as the slave device. The relay conforms to compatibility level 2; compatibility level 3 is not supported.
  • Page 535 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-35 Spontaneous events Events are categorized using the following information: • Function type • Information number The IEC 60870-5-103 profile in the menu database contains a complete listing of all events produced by the relay.
  • Page 536 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-36 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 DNP3.0 INTERFACE DNP3.0 protocol The descriptions given here are intended to accompany the device profile document that is included in the menu database. The DNP3.0 protocol is not described here, please refer to the documentation available from the user group.
  • Page 537 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-37 Object 20 binary counters Object 20, binary counters, contains cumulative counters and measurements. The binary counters can be read as their present ‘running’ value from object 20, or as a ‘frozen’ value from object 21.
  • Page 538 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-38 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 counters having different point numbers to their running counterparts. For example, object 20 point 3 (running counter) might have its frozen value reported as object 21 point 1. 5.7.3...
  • Page 539 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-39 IEC 61850 ETHERNET INTERFACE Introduction IEC 61850 is the international standard for Ethernet-based communication in substations. It enables integration of all protection, control, measurement and monitoring functions within a substation, and additionally provides the means for interlocking and inter-tripping.
  • Page 540 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-40 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 − Physical Device – Identifies the actual IED within a system. Typically t the device’s name or IP address can be used (for e example Feeder_1 or 10.0.0.2). −...
  • Page 541 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-41 The record is extracted as an ASCII format COMTRADE file. Setting changes (e.g. of protection settings) are not supported in the current IEC 61850 implementation. In order to keep this process as simple as possible, such setting changes are done using MiCOM S1 Agile Settings &...
  • Page 542 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-42 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 conflict on every IP configuration change and at power up. An alarm will be raised if an IP conflict is detected. The relay can be configured to accept data from networks other than the local network by using the ‘Gateway’...
  • Page 543 SCADA Communications P44x/EN SC/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SC) 12-43 • INT16 • INT32 • INT8 • UINT16 • UINT32 • UINT8 6.6.2 IEC 61850 GOOSE configuration All GOOSE configuration is performed via the IED Configurator tool available within the MiCOM S1 Agile Support Software.
  • Page 544 P44x/EN SC/Hb6 SCADA Communications (SC) 12-44 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 545 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-1 SYMBOLS AND GLOSSARY Date: 2017...
  • Page 546 P44x/EN SG/Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 547 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-3 Logic Symbols used Symbols Explanation & Logical “AND”: Used in logic diagrams to show an AND-gate function. Σ “Sigma”: Used to indicate a summation, such as cumulative current interrupted.
  • Page 548 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Symbols Explanation CsZ1 Carrier sent by Z1 Current transformer. CTRL. Abbreviation of “Control”: As used for the Control Inputs function. Current transformer supervision (to detect CT input failure.)
  • Page 549 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-5 Symbols Explanation ∧ Current raised to a power: Such as when breaker statistics monitor the square of ruptured current squared ∧ power = 2). Abbreviation of “Inputs and Outputs”: Used in connection with the number of optocoupled inputs and output contacts within the relay.
  • Page 550 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Symbols Explanation Intelligent Electronic Device: For example a MiCOM relay The rated nominal current of the relay: Software selectable as 1 amp or 5 amps to match the line CT input.
  • Page 551 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-7 Symbols Explanation A normally open or “make” contact: Often called a “form A” contact. NCIT Non Conventional Instrument Transformer Network Interface Card: i.e. the Ethernet card of the IED Negative phase sequence.
  • Page 552 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Symbols Explanation The equivalent a.c. current: Taking into account the fundamental, plus the equivalent heating effect of any harmonics. Abbreviation of “root mean square”. Abbreviation of “Rear Port”: The communication ports on the rear of the relay.
  • Page 553 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-9 Symbols Explanation Zero sequence voltage: Equals one third of the measured neutral/residual voltage. Positive sequence voltage. Negative sequence voltage. V2pol Negative sequence polarizing voltage. Phase A voltage: Might be phase L1, red phase. or other, in customer terminology.
  • Page 554 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Logic Timers Logic Explanation Time Chart Symbols Delay on pick-up timer, t Delay on drop-off timer, t Delay on pick-up/drop-off timer Pulse timer Pulse pick-up falling edge...
  • Page 555 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-11 Logic Explanation Time Chart Symbols Dwell timer Straight (non latching): Hold value until input reset signal...
  • Page 556 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Logic Gates AND GATE Symbol Truth Table Symbol Truth Table Symbol Truth Table & & & OR GATE Symbol Truth Table Truth Table Truth Table Symbol Symbol S –...
  • Page 557 Symbols and Glossary P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (SG) 13-13 Specific inputs or outputs in this manual: Internal logic status from the logic of the protection (« the line is dead » or « the pole is dead »)
  • Page 558 P44x/EN SG/ Hb6 Symbols and Glossary (SG) 13-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 559 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN)14-1 INSTALLATION Date: 2017...
  • Page 560 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 561 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-3 CONTENT RECEIPT OF RELAYS HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT STORAGE UNPACKING RELAY MOUNTING Rack mounting Panel mounting RELAY WIRING Medium and heavy duty terminal block connections RS485 port IRIG-B connections (if applicable)
  • Page 562 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 563 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-5 RECEIPT OF RELAYS Protective relays, although generally of robust construction, require careful treatment prior to installation on site. On receipt, relays should be examined immediately to ensure no external damage has been sustained in transit.
  • Page 564 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 HANDLING OF ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT A person’s normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several thousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling electronic circuits can cause serious damage which, although not always immediately apparent, will reduce the reliability of the circuit.
  • Page 565 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-7 STORAGE If relays are not to be installed immediately upon receipt, they should be stored in a place free from dust and moisture in their original cartons. Where de-humidifier bags have been included in the packing they should be retained.
  • Page 566 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 UNPACKING Care must be taken when unpacking and installing the relays so that none of the parts are damaged and additional components are not accidentally left in the packing or lost.
  • Page 567 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-9 RELAY MOUNTING MiCOM relays are dispatched either individually or as part of a panel/rack assembly. Individual relays are normally supplied with an outline diagram showing the dimensions for panel cut-outs and hole centres. This information can also be found in the product publication.
  • Page 568 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Rack mounting MiCOM relays may be rack mounted using single tier rack frames (our part number FX0021 001), as shown in Figure 2. These frames have been designed to have dimensions in accordance with IEC 60297 and are supplied pre-assembled ready to use.
  • Page 569 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-11 Further details on mounting MiDOS relays can be found in publication R7012, “MiDOS Parts Catalogue and Assembly Instructions”. Case size summation Blanking plate part number GJ2028 001 10TE GJ2028 002...
  • Page 570 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Width Single tier Double tier 60TE GJ9018 012 GJ9018 028 65TE GJ9018 013 GJ9018 029 70TE GJ9018 014 GJ9018 030 75TE GJ9018 015 GJ9018 031 80TE GJ9018 016 GJ9018 032 Table 2 - IP52 sealing rings Further details on mounting MiDOS relays can be found in publication R7012, “MiDOS Parts...
  • Page 571 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-13 RELAY WIRING This section serves as a guide to selecting the appropriate cable and connector type for each terminal on the MiCOM relay. Medium and heavy duty terminal block connections...
  • Page 572 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 IRIG-B connections (if applicable) The IRIG-B input and BNC connector have a characteristic impedance of 50 Ω. It is recommended that connections between the IRIG-B equipment and the relay are made using coaxial cable of type RG59LSF with a halogen free, fire retardant sheath.
  • Page 573 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-15 MICOM P442 – REAR VIEW (HARDWARE M) A – Optional board F – Output relay/High Break board B – Optional board G – Output relay board C – Current and voltage input board F –...
  • Page 574 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM P442 with Standard contacts - Wiring Diagram (1/5) P3909ENb...
  • Page 575 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-17 MICOM P442 with High Break contacts - Wiring Diagram (2/5) P3943ENa...
  • Page 576 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM P442 with NCIT and Standard contacts - Wiring Diagram (3/5) W02940...
  • Page 577 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-19 MICOM P442 with NCIT and High Break contacts - Wiring Diagram (4/5) W02944...
  • Page 578 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM P442 – Wiring Diagram (5/5)
  • Page 579 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-21 MiCOM P444 – HARDWARE DESCRIPTION (HARWARE M)
  • Page 580 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-22 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MiCOM P444 – Rear View A – Optional board H – Relay board B – Optional board J – Output relay/High Break board C – Current and voltage input board K –...
  • Page 581 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-23 MICOM P444 with Standard contacts - Wiring Diagram (1/4) P3910ENc...
  • Page 582 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-24 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM P444 with High Break contacts - Wiring Diagram (2/4) P3944ENa...
  • Page 583 Installation P44x/EN IN/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (IN) 14-25 MICOM P444 with NCIT and High Break contacts - Wiring Diagram (3/4) P5001ENa...
  • Page 584 P44x/EN IN/Hb6 Installation (IN) 14-26 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 MICOM P444 – Wiring Diagram (4/4)
  • Page 585 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (CS) 15-1 CYBER SECURITY Date: 2017...
  • Page 586 P44x/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444...
  • Page 587 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-3 CONTENTS OVERVIEW THE NEED FOR CYBER SECURITY STANDARDS NERC Compliance 3.1.1 CIP 002 3.1.2 CIP 003 3.1.3 CIP 004 3.1.4 CIP 005 3.1.5 CIP 006 3.1.6 CIP 007 3.1.7...
  • Page 588 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444...
  • Page 589 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-5 OVERVIEW In the past, substation networks were traditionally isolated and the protocols and data formats used to transfer information between devices were more often than not proprietary. For these reasons, the substation environment was very secure against cyber attacks. The terms used for this inherent type of security are: •...
  • Page 590 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 THE NEED FOR CYBER SECURITY Cyber-security provides protection against unauthorized disclosure, transfer, modification, or destruction of information and/or information systems, whether accidental or intentional. To achieve this, there are several security requirements: •...
  • Page 591 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-7 STANDARDS There are several standards, which apply to substation cyber security (see Table 1). Country NERC CIP (North American Electric Framework for the protection of the grid Reliability Corporation)
  • Page 592 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 NERC Compliance The North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) created a set of standards for the protection of critical infrastructure. These are known as the CIP standards (Critical Infrastructure Protection).
  • Page 593 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-9 Power utility responsibilities: Contribution: We can help the power utilities to have access control to its critical assets by providing centralized Access control. To create a Cyber Security Policy...
  • Page 594 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 • Account management • Monitoring • An annual vulnerability assessment should be performed Power utility responsibilities: Contribution: Test procedures; We can provide advice and help on testing. Ports and services; Our devices can disable unused ports and services Security patch management;...
  • Page 595 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-11 PX40 CYBER SECURITY IMPLEMENTATION General Electric IEDs have always been and will continue to be equipped with state-of-the- art security measures. Due to the ever-evolving communication technology and new threats to security, this requirement is not static.
  • Page 596 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 Level Meaning Read Operation Write Operation Read All All data and settings are All items writeable at level 1. readable. Write Some Setting Cells that change visibility Poll Measurements (Visible/Invisible).
  • Page 597 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-13 • FPort AccessLvl2 • RPrt1 AccessLvl1 • RPrt1 AccessLvl2 • RPrt2 AccessLvl1 • RPrt2 AccessLvl2 Where HMI is the Human Machine Interface. Each pair of DDB signals indicates the access level as follows: •...
  • Page 598 Cyber Security (CS) 15-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 then uses appropriate response codes to inform the client that the password was NERC- compliant or not. The client then can choose if he/she wishes to enter a new password that is NERC-compliant or leave the entered one in place.
  • Page 599 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-15 Password Recovery Password recovery is the means by which the passwords can be recovered on a device if the customer should mislay the configured passwords. To obtain the recovery password the customer must contact the General Electric Customer Care Center and supply two pieces of information from the IED –...
  • Page 600 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 Port Disablement 4.6.1 Disabling Physical Ports It is possible to disable unused physical ports. A level 3 password is needed to perform this action. To prevent accidental disabling of a port, a warning message is displayed according to whichever port is required to be disabled.
  • Page 601 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-17 LOGGED OUT Access Level <x> Where x is the current fallback level. If you decide not to log out (i.e. you cancel), the following message is displayed for 2 seconds.
  • Page 602 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-18 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 Event Value Display DNP STNG D/LOAD DNP SETTINGS DOWNLOADED BY <int> TRACE DAT D/LOAD TRACE DATA DOWNLOADED BY <int> IED CONFG D/LOAD IEC61850 CONFIG DOWNLOADED BY <int> USER CRV D/LOAD USER CURVES DOWNLOADED BY <int>...
  • Page 603 Cyber Security P44x/EN CS/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 (CS) 15-19 p is the password level (1, 2, 3) nov is the number of events (1 – nnn) Each event is identified with a unique number that is incremented for each new event so that it is possible to detect missing events as there will be a ‘gap’...
  • Page 604 P44X/EN CS/Hb6 Cyber Security (CS) 15-20 MiCOM P40 Agile P441, P442, P444 Cell Available Interface In Setting Parameter Default Setting Setting Applicability file? col row 0 = Disabled or DNP3 OE*† 25 0B Enabled 1 = Enabled Yes, Not Attempts Remain...
  • Page 605 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-1 HARDWARE / SOFTWARE VERSION HISTORY AND COMPATIBILITY (Note: Includes versions released and supplied to customers only)
  • Page 606 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-2 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444...
  • Page 607 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-3 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch A2.x: First Model – P441/P442 (P444 not available) – Modbus/Kbus/IEC103 – 4 languages – Optos 48Vcc (Hardware=A) Documentation: TG 1.1671-C &...
  • Page 608 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-4 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch A3.x : P444 model with 24 optos/32 outputs (Omron) – Universal optos – Italian Language – DNP3...
  • Page 609 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-5 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch A4.x : Second Rear Port - more alarms - new application feature Second rear port/Slip frequency/Retrip CB/VTS phase selec/PPGround phase A4.0...
  • Page 610 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch B1.x : New Hardware Platform (150 MHz coprocessor Board -2nd rear port-Triptime= 1,1 Cycle - 48 samples/T) & New functions (32N & 59N) New platform/model 080C/coprocessor board at 150 MHz/PW (32N)/CVTS B1.0...
  • Page 611 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-7 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch C1.x : New Hardware Platform (New CPU Board 150MHz + Coprocessor Board 150MHz-2nd rear port-Triptime= 1,1Cycle - 48 samples/T) &...
  • Page 612 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-8 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch C2.x : Idem C1.x with UCA2 (Ethernet optical support) & new function (49+NCIT)
  • Page 613 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-9 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch C3.x : Idem C2.x with new communication protocol (IEC 61850-8-1) / UCA2 not supported – Model J only (Dual optos managed by default) Add IEC 61850-8-1 protocol / Zone reset&overlap/ WeakInfeed Echo+DEF/...
  • Page 614 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-10 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch C4.x : Idem C3.x with new features (cells and DDB) Start ∆...
  • Page 615 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-11 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Branch C7.x : Idem C5.x with Cyber security and “PSL Timers” features The following features are added: - Cyber security features - New “PSL timers” setting allowing remote time setting of timers in the PSL for P441 C7.A...
  • Page 616 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-12 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch D1.x : Idem C5.6S with new HW suffix K: extended buttons, high break contacts, tri colors LEDs…...
  • Page 617 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-13 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch D3.x : Idem D2.6 with new features (cells and DDB)
  • Page 618 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-14 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue Branch D1.x : Idem D3.x with modified or new features (cells and DDB)
  • Page 619 Hardware / Software-Version P44x/EN VH/Hb6 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 (VC) 16-15 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue The following features are modified: - V3<, V4<, V3> or V4> fault display (front panel), - V3<, V4<,n V3>...
  • Page 620 P44x/EN VH/Hb6 Hardware / Software-Version (VC) 16-16 MiCOM P40 Agile P442, P444 Relay type: P441, P442, P444 Software Hardware Model Date of Full Description of changes S1 Compatibility version version number issue - 64 digitals in the DR. - V> % Hysteresis range from 0.5 to 2 and default is 2 i.e. 0.995 to 0.98 of Setting.
  • Page 622 Imagination at work Grid Solutions St Leonards Building Redhill Business Park Stafford, ST16 1WT, UK +44 (0) 1785 250 070 www.gegridsolutions.com/contact © 2017 General Electric. All rights reserved. Information contained in this document is indicative only. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular project. This will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances.

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